240 SELECT PLANTS FOR INDUSTRIAL CULTURE 



Pinus Alcocqiana, Parlatore. 



Japan, at an elevation of 6,000 to 7,000 feet. A fine tree, 120 

 feet high, with very small blue-green leaves; the wood is used for 

 light household furniture. P. tonga and P. polita ascend there to 

 the same height (Rind). 



Pinus amabilis, Douglas. 



Californian Silver Fir. North California, at an elevation of from 

 4,000 to 7,000 or even 10,000 feet. A handsome Fir, 200 feet 

 high, circumference of stem 24 feet ; the stem is naked up to 100 

 feet. The tree passes under the name of the " Queen of the 

 Forests " (Lemmon). The wood is elastic, strong, and hard, fit for 

 masts and spars ; it has a peculiar red colour ; spikes, nails, and 

 bolts hold firm and never corrode in it (Dufur). Very closely 

 allied to. P. nobilis. 



Pinus aristata, Englemann. 



California, at elevations of 8-10,000 feet in the Sierras. A tree 

 attaining 75 feet in height, the stem 3 feet in diameter, with 

 extremely short leaves (Gibbons). Fit for Alpine country. 



Pinus Australis, Michaux.* 



Southern or Swamp Pine, also called Georgia, Yellow Pitch, Long- 

 leaved Yellow or Broom Pine. Southern States of North America. 

 The tree attains a height of 100 feet. It furnishes a superior 

 timber for furniture and building, also for naval architecture, 

 railway ties, and for flooring. It yields the principal Yellow Pine 

 of the lumber trade. The wood is compact, straight-grained, very 

 durable, and has only a slight layer of sapwood. The tree is not 

 so quick of growth as many other Pines. According to Dr. Little 

 the tree produces 30,000 feet of first-class heartwood timber per 

 acre. It is this tree which forms chiefly the extensive Pine barrens 

 of the United States, and yields largely the American turpentine, 

 as well as resin, pitch, and tar. Porcher observes that the tree 

 shoots up devoid of branches for sometimes as much as 60 feet, and 

 he calls it " one of the greatest gifts of God to man." The tree 

 prevails, according to C. Mohr, where the silicious coiistitutents of 

 the drift-soil mingle with the out-crops of tertiary strata, and he 

 observes that forests of this pine cause grateful showers with 

 wonderful regularity through all seasons. The emanations from 

 Pines, particularly the very resinous species, are antimalarian and 

 antiseptic, as proved by residences near Pine forests, and by the use 

 of hospital buildings constructed of Pine wood. 



Pinus Ayacahuite, Ehrenberg. (P. Loudonicma, Gordon.) 



In Mexico, at an elevation of 8,000 to 12,000 feet. An excellent 

 Pine, 100 to 150 feet high, with a stem diameter of 3 to 4 feet. 



