250 SELECT PLANTS FOR INDUSTRIAL CULUTRE 



Pinus nigra, Alton. (P. rub fa, Lambert) 



Black Spruce. North-East America, occurring extensively between 

 44 and 53 north latitude. This tree, which is termed Double 

 Spruce by the Canadians, attains a height of 70 feet, and furnishes 

 a light elastic timber of pale colour, excellent for yards of ships ; 

 also largely sawn into boards and quarterings ; has also come exten- 

 sively into use for paper. The spruce lumber of eastern markets in 

 the United States is chiefly furnished by this species (Sargent). 

 The young shoots are used for making spruce-beer and the small 

 roots serve as cords. The tree prefers poor and rocky soil, but a 

 humid cool clime, and is best available for mountainous localities 

 inaccessible to culture. Mr. Cecil Clay estimates that 20,000 cubic 

 feet of timber can be obtained from this tree on one acre of ground. 



Pinus nobilis, Douglas. 



Noble White Fir ; also known as Red Fir. North-west coast of 

 America, on the Columbia Elver and the mountains of North Cali- 

 fornia, where it forms extensive forests at 6,000 to 8,000 feet. A 

 majestic tree, 150 to 200 feet high, 4 feet in diameter, with regular 

 horizontal branches, furnishing a splendid timber. P. magnifica, 

 Murray, is a variety. 



Pinus Nuttallii, Parlatore. 



The Oregon Larch, at elevations of from 3,000 to 6,000 feet. Ac- 

 cording to Dr. Gibbons, one of the most graceful trees. Stem 

 frequently 200 feet to the first limb. Timber fissile, very strong 

 and durable (Dufur). 



Pinus obovata, Antoine. (P. Schrenkiana, Antoine.) 



North-Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. Somewhat like the 

 Norway Spruce. Wood soft and pale, much used for furniture 

 and household implements, also packing-boxes of great durability 

 (Regel). 



Pinus orientalis, Linne. 



Sapindus Fir. In Asia Minor, at 4,000 feet. The tree rises to 

 about 80 feet, and resembles somewhat the Norway Spruce. The 

 wood is exceedingly tough and durable. 



Pinus Parryana, Engelmann. 



California. One of the pines with edible nuts. 



Pinus parviflora, Siebold. 



Kuriles and Japan. The " Imekomatsou." A middle-sized tree of 

 longevity ; ascends to Alpine heights. Much used as an avenue 

 tree. Wood for furniture and boat-building. It is harder than 

 that of P. Massoniana and P. densiflora (Dupont). 



