IN EXTRA-TROPICAL COUNTRIES. 255 



adapted even for the drier parts of Victoria. The leaves of Pines 

 can be well converted into material for pillows and mattresses, with - 

 the great recommendation of healthiness for such a purpose. All 

 Fir forests are antimiasmatic and salubrious for hectic patients, in 

 consequence of the di-oxyde of hydrogen involved from their tere- 

 binthine emanations. 



Pinus Sitchensis, Bongard. (P. Menziesii, Dougl.) 



North-West America. The Blue Spruce of California, also called 

 Tideland Spruce, ascending to elevations of 9,000 feet, of rapid 

 growth in congenial soil. A very handsome tree, which furnishes 

 a valuable pale and fine-grained timber ; used largely for piles 

 (Dr. Gibbons). It thrives best in moist ground. According to 

 Professor Brewer, instances are on record of trees having attained 

 a height of over 300 feet, and a stem 7 feet diameter at 100 feet 

 from the base. From an exceptionally large tree 100,000 shingles 

 were obtained, besides 58 cords of wood. 



Pinus Smithiana, Lambert. (P. Khutrow, Royle.) 



On the Himalaya Mountains, at elevations from 6,000 to 11,000 

 feet. Attains a height of 150 feet, and the stem a girth of 15 

 feet. The wood is pale, even and straight-grained, but only durable 

 under shelter. 



Pinus stenolepis, Parlatore. (Picea Veitchii, Lindley.) 



Japan. Up to 7,000 feet. A fine tree, attaining a height of 140 

 feet. 



Pinus Strobus, Linne.* 



Weymouth Pine or American White Pine. North-East ern America, 

 growing on any soil, but particularly adapted for deep rich 

 soil in mountain valleys; known to reach a height of 270 feet, with 

 a stem of 8 feet diameter. It is the principal pine of the lumber 

 trade of the Eastern States. One of the finest among ornamental 

 conifers. The wood is soft, white, or yellowish, light, free of knots, 

 almost without resin, easy to work, very durable, and much 

 esteemed for masts, bridges, frames of buildings, windows, ceilings, 

 flooring, oars, cabinet work, organ-pipes. It yields American tur- 

 pentine and gallipot. Mr. Cecil Clay cut exceptionally 40,000 feet 

 of its timber on an acre of ground in the Virginian mountains. The 

 sap-wood is remarkably thin. 



Pinus Tee da, Linne. 



Frankincense or Loblolly Pine. Florida, Carolina, and Virginia, 

 in sandy soil attaining a height of 80 feet. The timber is used for 

 pumps, but liable to warp and decay in buildings on exposure 



