IX EXTRA-TROPICAL COUNTRIES. 279 



Quercus incana, Roxburgh. 



Himalayas, at elevations between 3,000 and 8,000 feet. A beauti- 

 ful evergreen tree of great dimensions. Mr. Simmonds reminds us 

 that a silkworm (Antheraea Roylei), producing large cocoons, lives 

 on this Oak. In its native localities Q. lanuginosa (D. Don) is 

 associated with it. Q. lamellosa (Smith), of the same region, attains 

 a height of 120 feet, with a straight trunk of 60 feet and 15 feet in 

 girth (Brandis). 



Quercus infectoria, Oliver. 



Around the Mediterranean Sea. Only a small tree, with deciduous 

 foliage. Chiefly from this tree the galls of commerce are obtained 

 A variety, Q. Lusitanica (Webb), or Q. Mirbeckii (Durieu). attains 

 a height of 120 feet, with a stem girth of 20 feet. Some states of 

 this are almost evergreen. 



Quercus lancifolia, Roxburgh. 



A tall timber tree of the Himalayas. Wood valued for its dura- 

 bility. 



Quercus lobata, Nee. 



California. The Sacramento White Oak. Up to 150 feet high 

 and 6 feet in diameter, with wide-spreading branches, which often 

 bend to the ground. The wood is brittle when green, but hard and 

 tough when seasoned ; its value has been much underrated 

 (Gibbons). The acorns of this oak used to form a large proportion 

 of the winter food of the aboriginal inhabitants of North 

 California. 



Quercus lyrata, Walter. 



The Overcup Oak of the South-Eastern States of North America, 

 extending from South Illinois to Florida and Louisiana. A tree of 

 majestic size, 80 feet high with a stem 4 feet in diameter. Lately 

 recommended as valuable for timber cultivation, especially in wet 

 ground. 



Quercus macrocarpa, Michaux. 



The Bur Oak of North America. Tree 70 feet high, stem, diameter 

 to 8 feet. The timber regarded by some nearly as good as that of 

 the White Oak. The bark contains about 8 per cent, tannin. 



Quercus macrolepsis, Kotschy.* 



Greece. This oak yields also Valonia, being closely allied to Q. 



