306 SELECT PLANTS FOR INDUSTRIAL CULTURE 



Santalum cygnorum, Miquel. 



South- Western Australia, where this tree yields scented sandal 

 wood. 



Santalum Preissiamim, Miquel. (S. acuminatum, A. de Candolle.) 



The Quandong. Desert country of extra-tropical Australia. The 

 fruits of this small tree are called Native Peaches. As both the 

 succulent outer part and kernel are edible, it is advisable to raise 

 the plant in desert tracts. 



Santalum Yasi, Seemann. 



The Sandal-tree of the Fiji Islands, where it grows on dry and 

 rocky hills. It is likely to prove hardy, and deserves, with a few 

 other species from the South Sea Islands yielding scented wood, 

 test culture in warm temperate regions. 



Santolina Cyparissias, Linne. 



Countries on the Mediterranean Sea. A very aromatic and 

 handsome bush, of medicinal value. There are several allied 

 species. 



Saponaria officinalis, Linne. 



The Soapwort or Fuller's Herb. Europe, North and Middle Asia. 

 A perennial herb of some technologic interest, as the root can be 

 employed with advantage in some final processes of washing silk 

 and wool, to which it imparts a peculiar gloss and dazzling white- 

 ness, without injuring in the least the most sensitive colours. 

 Experiments instituted in the laboratory of the Botanic Garden of 

 Melbourne render it highly probable that saponin, which produces 

 the froth from the soapwort, is also present in the bark and root of 

 Acacia (Albizzia) lophanta (W.). At all events, a substance 

 closely resembling saponin was unexpectedly detected (in the 

 course of other investigations entrusted to Mr. Hummel) in the 

 bark of this Acacia, and this substance occurred in so large a 

 proportion as to constitute 10 per cent, of the dry bark. 



Sassafras officinale, Hayne. 



The deciduous Sassafras-tree, indigenous from Canada to Florida, 

 in dry open woods. Height up to 80 feet. The stem has been 

 known to attain a girth of more than 19 feet at 3 feet from the 

 ground. It furnishes the medicinal Sassafras bark and wood, and 

 from this again an essential oil is attainable. The deciduous and 

 often jagged leaves are remarkable among those of Lauracse. They 

 are used as a condiment in cookery. The root bark contains 58 

 per cent, tannin (Reinsch). The wood ranks also as a material f or 

 a lasting dye. 



