IN EXTRA-TROPICAL COUNTRIES. 335 



grained ; sought for turnery, piano-keys, carving, and by shoe- 

 makers and glovers to cut the leather on it ; also for toys 

 (Simmonds). The flowers yield a highly aromatic honey (Meehan). 

 The bast excellent for mats. 



Tillandsia usneoides, Linne. 



From Carolina and Florida to Uruguay and Chili, on trees. Might 

 be naturalised in forests. In its native country a favourite material 

 for upholsterers' work. 



Tinguarra Sicula, Parlatore. 



In the countries on the Mediterranean Sea. The root is edible and 

 celery-like. 



Todea Africana, Willdenow. 



South Africa, South-East Australia, New Zealand. Most important 

 for scenic effects in wet places ; as an export article the aged stems 

 of this fern are much sought, and endured wide transits, which 

 were initiated by the writer. Stems weighing above a ton have 

 been found bearing from 500 to 600 fronds. Supplies of this 

 massive fern in the gullies to be maintained for future generations 

 by the artificial dispersion of the dust-like spores. 



Torreya Californica, Torrey. (T. myristica, Hooker.) 



In California, extending from the coast to the Sierras. A sym- 

 metrical tree, 100 feet high, with a clear and straight trunk of 

 30 feet, 6 feet in diameter (Dr. Gibbons). The wood is hard and 

 firm. 



Torreya grandis, Fortune. 



The Kaya of China. A tree 60 feet high with an umbrella-shaped 

 crown ; it produces good timber. 



Torreya nucifera, S. and Z. (Caryotaxus nucifera, Zuccarini.) 



Japan. Height of tree about 30 feet. From the nuts the Japanese 

 press an oil used as an article of food. The wood is highly valued 

 in Japan by coopers, also used by turners ; it resembles boxwood 

 (Dupont). 



Torreya taxifolia, Arnott. 



Florida. A tree 50 feet in height, with a firm close-grained durable 

 wood of a reddish colour. Yery durable also underground. 

 Prostrated trees did hot decay in half a century. Dry timber very 

 light, fine-grained, slightly more yellow than that of the White 

 Pine (P. J. White). It yields a red turpentine (Hoopes.) 



