342 SELECT PLANTS FOB INDUSTRIAL CULTURE 



mustard seeds. In colder countries these plants are only of one 

 year's duration. Numerous other species, all highly ornamental, 

 occur in South America, and a few also in Mexico. 



Tropaeolum, sessilifolium, Pceppig. 



Chili. Among the species of this genus one of the most eligible for 

 its tubers, which can be consumed even in a raw state, and are 

 larger than those of most other Tropseolums, while the stems are 

 short and procumbent (Philippi). 



Tropaeolum tuberosum, Ruiz and Pavon. 



Peru. The tuberous root serves as an esculent. 



Trophis Americana, Linne. 



West Indian Archipelagus. The foliage of this milky tree has been 

 recommended as food for the silk-insect. In Cuba and Jamaica it 

 is used as provender for cattle and sheep. 



Tuber sestivum, Vittadini 



The Truffle most in the markets of England. The White 

 British Truffle, Chairomyces meandriformis (Yitt.), though large is 

 valued less. In the Department Vaucluse (France) alone about 

 60,000 Ibs. of Truffles are collected annually at a value of about 

 .4,000. Many other kinds of Truffles are in use. The Australian 

 Truffle, Mylitta Australis (Berk.), or Notiohydnum Australe, 

 attains sometimes the size of the Cocos-nut, and is also a fair 

 esculent. It seems also quite feasible to naturalise the best of 

 edible fungi of other genera, although such may not be amenable to 

 regular culture. And efforts should be made for the introduction 

 of all the best kinds of Truffles, as an insight into the manner in 

 which vegetables of the fungus species can be transferred to wide 

 distances has gradually been obtained. The total value of the 

 export of Truffles from France in 1877 amounted to 13,567,000 

 francs (Simmonds), the total production in that year being valued 

 at 20 millions of francs. The annual revenue of the Truffle ground 

 of Carpentras is, according to Simmonds, 80,000. The great 

 White North American Truffle (Tuber album) is as white as snow 

 and as tender as curds (Millington). 



Tuber albidum, Fries. 



Occurs with T. sestivum, but is smaller and less agreeable in taste. 



Tuber cibarium, Sibthorp. 



Middle and South Europe. The Black Truffle. Like all others 

 growing underground, and generally found in forest soil of lime- 

 stone formation. It attains a weight of over one pound. Experi- 

 ments for naturalisation may be effected with every prospect of 



