40 



Raising them from cuttings therefore takes much longer, and 

 is much more trouble than raising plants by division, but 

 Violas are the most fugitive of all plants used for this style 

 of gardening; in dry summers they will sometimes die by the 

 thousand, and raising them from cuttings has to be resorted 

 to in order to replenish the stock. A frame should be placed 

 on a shady border and a liberal supply of leaf mould and 

 sand must then be worked into the soil ; after making all firm 

 again the cuttings may be put in, choosing young vigorous 

 shoots from the base if they can be had, but all pieces will 

 grow at this part of the year. The frame must be kept 

 close and shaded from bright sunshine for a time After they 

 are rooted, air must be given on all suitable occasions, but the 

 lights must be on during severe weather throughout the winter; 

 as soon as severe frosts are over in spring the young plants 

 may be transplanted to the open border, until required for 

 the beds. 



Wallflowers double varieties. These may also be 

 propagated in September, but will not flower properly for 20 

 months. They should be put in under handlights or frames in 

 a similar manner to Violas, and will require such treatment 

 until the following spring. 



