CONTENTS. xvii 



NOTES ON GEOLOGY OF THE DISTRICTS VISITED. 



PAGE 



Limestone caves Metalliferous region Gneissic formations Occur- 

 rence over large area Their decomposition on a gigantic scale in 

 Brazil Production of canyons by deluges of the wet seasons 

 Erosion of valleys Watersheds of rivers changed Fantastic rocks 

 Corcovado Railway Petropolis Railway Engineering difficulties 

 Causes of decomposition The glacial theory Ancient tem- 

 perature at the Equator Animal remains in caves Refutation of 

 glaciation Thickness of gneiss in Brazil ... ... ... 421 



LIST OF BOOKS, ETC., REFERRED TO ... ... ... ... 429 



INDEX ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 431 



