202 FAMILY OF SACCHAROMYCETACEAE 



by the amount of alcohol, which varies between 6.6 and 7.6 per cent by 

 volume. These types also differ by the rate at which cellular multi- 

 plication takes place. 



It seems appropriate to mention a very interesting Schizosaccharo- 

 myces which we 1 have been able to observe. This was sent by Pro- 

 fessor Beijerinck under the name of Sch. mellacei. An examination 

 of this yeast shows that it differs from Sch. mellacei by a complete 

 disappearance of sexual processes. (Fig. 79.) The ascospores, al- 

 ways to the number of four, are formed in 

 ordinary rectangular or elongated cells with- 

 out any previous copulation. The vegeta- 

 tive cells are much smaller than those of 

 Sch. mellacei or Sch. Pombe. On carrot slants 

 their average size is 6.8 ju long and 3.5 //, wide. 

 The ascospores are about the same size (about 



Fig. 79. Parthenogenetic 4 ju) as those of Sch. mellacei and Sch. 

 Variety of Schizosaccharo- Pombe 

 myces Mellacei. ' . 



By its morphological characters, it differs 



from Sch. mellacei and Sch. Pombe. Unfortunately no study was un- 

 dertaken of its biochemical features, and we are not able to state 

 whether it is a new species or whether it Js a variety of Sch. mellacei 

 and Sch. Pombe in which sexuality has disappeared. 



SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES ASPORUS. Eykmann 



This yeast has been described by Eykmann; 2 it is a yeast used in 

 the manufacture of arrack (the alcoholic drink of Java made- from mo- 

 lasses from sugar refineries and rice powder). It is distinguished from 

 Schizosaccharomyces Pombe by the fact that it does not produce endo- 

 spores. Beijerinck thinks that it is an asporogenic variety of Sch. 

 Pombe. On nutrient gelatin, it produces white and brown colonies; 

 the white colonies give more ascospores than the brown colonies. 

 It inverts and ferments saccharose. 



SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES APHALARAE CALTHAE. Sulc 



This yeast was discovered by Karel Sulc 3 in the larvae of 

 Aphalarae calthae (Homoptera). It possesses spherical cells which are 



1 Guilliermond, A. Remarques sur la copulation du Schizosaccharomyces 

 mellacei. Bull, de la Soc. Botanique de Lyon, April, 1903: Thesis for the Doc- 

 torate mentioned elsewhere in this volume. 



2 Eykmann, C. Mikrobiologisches iiber die Arrakfabrikation in Batavia. 

 Cent. Bakt. 16, 1894. 



3 Sulc, K. Pseudovitellius und ahnliche Gewerbe der Homopteren sind 

 wohnstatten symbiotischer Saccharomyceten. Sitzungsberichte der Konig. Bohm. 

 Gesellsch. der Wessinschaften in Prag. March 30, 1910. 



