KRAMER'S RED TORULA 321 



"Physiologic Characters. There is rapid fermentation of glucose 

 and levulose. Other sugars are not fermented. Litmus milk becomes 

 only slightly alkaline. No decided change in acid reaction occurs in 

 sugar mediums. Gelatin is not liquefied. 



"The culture was isolated from human feces. 



"This species differs in few respects from Cryptococcus ovoideus. 

 The cells are more elliptical and the fermentation reactions are unlike. 



CRYPTOCOCCUS AGREGATUS. Anderson 1 



"Morphology. In both young and old cultures the cells are mostly 

 globular or slightly oval. No elongated cells are formed. Budding 

 occurs from any point on the cell; usually several buds arise from 

 each cell ; in old cultures buds are commonly formed in large numbers 

 about a single enlarged cell. The size is 3. 5 jut. 



"Cultural Characters. On glucose agar slant the growth is filiform, 

 convex, glistening, smooth, chalk-white and firm. In old cultures 

 the surface remains smooth, 



with even edges and no ^ rft>O oO (J? 



darkening in color. Fili- U ^4M 0, 



form, later nodose, growth <^Qp (JQ cP?O 



occurs in gelatin stab, with ^y CVv^ ^^^ AP 



no liquefaction. No pellicle Q^M/ 2 C&u 



or ring is formed in beer wort l 



or liquid sugar mediums. 



Fig. 145-D. Crytococcus agregaius, Anderson. 



The Surface Of the giant i, Cells from Young Beer Wort Culture; 2, Cells from 

 i i Old Culture. 



colonies on glucose agar 



plates remains remarkably smooth, only dim, concentric lines appearing. 



"Physiologic Properties. There is no fermentation in glucose, 

 sucrose, levulose, maltose, galactose, lactose or raffinose yeast water. 

 No decided change in acidity occurs in these sugar mediums. Litmus 

 milk becomes very slightly alkaline after 3 weeks. 



"The culture was isolated from human feces. 



"Two other cultures, isolated from the same person, were compared 

 with the foregoing species and found to be identical. The isolations 

 were made from the same sample of feces but from different colonies." 



KRAMER'S RED TORULA 



This species found by Kramer 2 in cider is a yeast which produces 

 a top fermentation. It is provided with a red pigment soluble in water. 



1 Anderson, H. W. See reference for Cryptococcus verrucosus. 



2 Kramer, E. Ueber einen rotgefarbten bei Vergarung des Mostes Mit- 

 wirkenden Sprosspilz. Osterr. landw. Cent. 1, 1891. 



