381 FUNGI RELATED TO THE YEASTS 



E. albicans develops between 20 and 39 C. and grows on solid or 

 liquid media slightly acid; no scum is produced on the surface of 

 liquid media. On carbohydrate liquid media and fruit juices it gives 

 a slight growth with a flocculent sediment. On gelatin plates the colo- 

 nies are round, white and creamy, and it produces liquefaction of the 

 gelatin. In gelatin stabs development is slight and superficial. On 

 agar the fungus produces a white line which thickens to a creamy layer 

 at first thick then honeycombed. On potato it gives small colonies 

 of a dirty white color and on carrot creamy white and folded growth. 

 It grows with difficulty in milk, which it coagulates in 20 to 30 days. 



>. albicans causes a slight fermentation of dextrose. 



Anderson has mentioned the very frequent presence in the human 

 intestines of a fungus very closely related to Endomyces albicans 

 to which he has given the name of Parasaccharomyces Ashfordii. 



PARASACCHAROMYCES ASHFORDII. Anderson 1 



"Morphology. In young cultures cells are round or slightly oval; 

 in old cultures cells are of many forms: oval, elongated, elliptical, 

 round, or irregular; giant cells are common. Septate mycelium de- 

 velops in gelatin hanging-drop and in old cultures. Budding occurs 

 from any point on the young cells, but usually near the ends of articles 

 in old cultures. The size is 4.5 x 5 /*. 



" Cultural Characters. On glucose agar the streak is filiform, raised, 

 glistening, chalk-white and smooth; later the central portion may be- 

 come rugose or pitted; the edge of the streak may remain entire or 

 may become decidedly filamentous, due to the outward growing hyphal 

 elements under the surface of the medium. There is a growth in gelatin 

 stab at first filiform, later it develops scattered, bushy clusters of fila- 

 ments. In liquid sugar mediums and beer wort a very evident ring 

 formation occurs; no pellicle is present. 



"Physiologic Properties. It ferments glucose, maltose and levulose; 

 occasionally sucrose and galactose are fermented. Yeast-water sugar 

 mediums, with an initial acidity of + 1, become more alkaline. Litmus 

 milk is rendered alkaline in 2 weeks, but is not clotted. Gelatin is 

 rarely liquefied. 



"The culture was isolated from a sprue patient by Dr. B. K. 

 Ashford in Porto Rico. 



''' This species strongly resembles the fungus variously called Oidium 

 albicans, Monilia albicans, and Endomyces albicans. Castellani ('16) 

 has, however, reserved the name Monilia albicans for a species which 



1 Anderson, H. W. Yeast-like fungi of the human intestinal tract. Jour. 

 Infectious Diseases 21 (1917) 341-386. 



