MONILIA VINI 379 



Pseudomonilia rubescens 



The young cells are oval (3 to 5 /j in diameter) in the beginning 

 with filamentous mycelium. The scums are quite thick with more 

 or less marked red color. The giant colonies possess a faint red 

 color. This yeast ferments dextrose in an active manner. It is very 

 sensitive to the action of lactic or tartaric acid. 



Pseudomonilia mesenterica 



The cells are round (3 to 6 fj, in diameter) and often elongated. 

 Old cells contain numerous fat droplets. The scum is thick and 

 strongly folded. The giant colonies grow rapidly and are abundant. 

 This species ferments levulose. 



Pseudomonilia cartilaginosa 



The cells are oval, from 5 to 6 ju in diameter, pointed at both 

 ends and enclosing crystals in the vacuoles. They are intermingled in 

 a filamentous mycelium with cross walls. The walls of the cells are 

 mucilaginous. The scum possesses a cartilaginous appearance. The 

 giant colonies have a verrucose aspect and the gelatin is quite rapidly 

 liquefied. This species ferments saccharose, but scarcely acts on 

 dextrose and levulose. 



MONILIA VINI. Osterwalder 1 



This yeast possesses a very active fermenting function and acts 

 like a bottom yeast. It causes a more active fermentation than the 

 other Monilia that are known. It does not stop developing in the 

 presence of very large amounts of acid in the medium in which it is 

 growing. It develops well in solutions with 4 per cent of alcohol, 

 especially in wine. It forms secondary products such as volatile and 

 malic acids. Mycoderma vini possesses a less active fermenting ability 

 than ordinary wine yeasts. It has, however, a favorable influence on 

 the wine but produces a secondary fermentation of sugar which has 

 not been transformed by other yeasts in the primary fermentation. 

 It does not contribute a bad or disagreeable taste to the wine. 



It ferments dextrose and levulose especially, and saccharose, 

 lactose and galactose less actively. Maltose is very feebly attacked. 

 It seems to possess a soluble sucrase which distinguishes it from 

 Monilia Candida. The giant colonies on gelatin exhibit borders with 

 well-developed fringes. In liquid media the species vegetates at first 



1 Osterwalder, A. Ein neue Garungsmonilia, Monilia vini, n. ep. Cent. Bakt. 

 Abt. II. 1912. 



PHARMACY 



