GERMINATION OF ASCOSPORES 33 



germination tube. This separates the ascospore by a transverse wall 

 accompanied by a slight constriction. In this the germination of the 

 ascospores does not differ from the method of multiplication of cells 

 in this yeast which, as we have seen, 



generally occurs at the end of the cell a. ^. et^ a;^ a "":A., 

 by a process intermediary between bud- ^ } ^^ a?** 



ding and transverse partition. 



Third Example, Willia: We have seen 

 that the ascospores of the genus Willia 

 present a special form. In Willia ano- 

 mala they are hemispherical and are pro- 

 vided with a projecting edge. (Fig. 38, 

 a.) At the moment of germination, Fig. 38. Germination of Asco- 

 which has been followed by Hansen, the g n sen)! ^^ ^^ (after 

 ascospore swells and during this its jut- 

 ting out border disappears but remains for some time during the 



early stages of budding. The asco- 

 A OD P&f spore eventually forms buds at dif- 



ferent points on its surface. 

 In Willia Saturnus the ascospores 



are lemon-shaped and are girdled with 

 a projecting ring. The wall of the 

 3 \j -H-T Vj u X^j asc generally dissolves before ger- 



)/ A mination. This begins by a swelling 

 ^U during which the projecting girdle dis- 

 appears or remains; then a series of 



Fig. 39. Germination of Asco- buds is produced at various points on 

 spores m Wilha baturnus. ^ 



the surface ot tne ascospore. In the 



course of budding, the projecting thread disappears. (Klocker. 1 ) 

 A. In many cases germination is preceded, as has 

 been stated in a foregoing paragraph, by a partheno- 

 gamic copulation of the ascospores. These, during 

 enlargement, unite two by two by means of a copu- 

 lation canal. B. The fusion is incomplete and the Fig. 40. Germina- 

 , . , ,. . i i i T tion of Ascospores 



zygospore which results germinates by budding on j n Debaromyces 



all points of its surface, by preference on the copu- globosus (after 

 i . . i IvlocKerJ . 



lation canal. 



Fourth Example, Debaryomyces globosus and Schwanniomyces 

 ocddentalis. Both of these yeasts have peculiarly shaped ascospores 

 in which it is wise to describe germination. In D. globosus the 

 ascospore is round or globoid and enveloped in a warty wall. When 



1 Klocker, A. Eine neue Saccharomyces Art (S. Saturnus). Comp. Rend, 

 trav. lab. de Carlsberg, 6, 1903. 



