202 FAMILY OF SACCHAROMYCETACEAE 



by the amount of alcohol, which varies between 6.6 and 7.6 per cent by 

 volume. These types also differ by the rate at which cellular multi- 

 plication takes place. 



It seems appropriate to mention a very interesting Schizosaccharo- 

 myces which we l have been able to observe. This was sent by Pro- 

 fessor Beijerinck under the name of Sch. mellacei. An examination 

 of this yeast shows that it differs from Sch. mellacei by a complete 

 disappearance of sexual processes. (Fig. 79.) The ascospores, al- 

 ways to the number of four, are formed in 

 ordinary rectangular or elongated cells with- 

 out any previous copulation. The vegeta- 

 tive cells are much smaller than those of 

 Sch. mellacei or Sch. Pombe. On carrot slants 

 their average size is 6.8 ju long and 3.5 ju wide. 

 The ascospores are about the same size (about 



Fig. 79. Parthenogenetic 4 jit) as those of Sch. mellacei and Sch. 

 Variety of Schizosaccharo- p om b e 

 myces Mellacei. 



By its morphological characters, it differs 



from Sch. mellacei and Sch. Pombe. Unfortunately no study was un- 

 dertaken of its biochemical features, and we are not able to state 

 whether it is a new species or whether it is a variety of Sch. mellacei 

 and Sch. Pombe in which sexuality has disappeared. 



SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES ASPORUS. Eykmann 



This yeast has been described by Eykmann; 2 it is a yeast used in 

 the manufacture of arrack (the alcoholic drink of Java made- from mo- 

 lasses from sugar refineries and rice powder). It is distinguished from 

 Schizosaccharomyces Pombe by the fact that it does not produce endo- 

 spores. Beijerinck thinks that it is an asporogenic variety of Sch. 

 Pombe. On nutrient gelatin, it produces white and brown colonies; 

 the white colonies give more ascospores than the brown colonies. 

 It inverts and ferments saccharose. 



SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES APHALARAE CALTHAE. Sulc 



This yeast was discovered by Karel Sulc 3 in the larvae of 

 Aphalarae calthae (Homoptera). It possesses spherical cells which are 



1 Guilliermond, A. Remarques sur la copulation du Schizosaccharomyces 

 mellacei. Bull, de la Soc. Botanique de Lyon, April, 1903: Thesis for the Doc- 

 torate mentioned elsewhere in this volume. 



2 Eykmann, C. Mikrobiologisches iiber die Arrakfabrikation in Batavia. 

 Cent. Bakt. 16, 1894. 



3 Sulc, K. Pseudovitellius und ahnliche Gewerbe der Homopteren sind 

 wohnstatten symbiotischer Saccharomyceten. Sitzungsberichte der Konig. Bohm. 

 Gesellsch. der Wessinschaften in Prag. March 30, 1910. 



