252 FAMILY OF SACCHAROMYCETACEAE 



SACCHAROMYCES T AND V OF LUDWIG ROSE 1 



These species were isolated from the mucous secretions of two 

 oaks in which they were found associated with Saccharomyces Lud- 

 wigii, Saccharomyces apiculatus, Yeasts F and G of Rose, and End. 

 Magnusii. They have the same characteristics and are apparently 

 identical. Their cells are elliptical, later becoming round. Their 

 diameter is about 5.5 ju. These two yeasts form ascospores easily to 

 the number of two or four in each asc. The optimum temperature 

 for the formation of ascospores on plaster blocks is 25 C. These species 

 seem to resemble yeast No. 689, isolated by Lindner 2 from secretions 

 of trees in the Berlin botanical garden. In wort they produce an ac- 

 tive fermentation of the bottom type. They ferment dextrose, d- 

 mannose, d-galactose, levulose, saccharose, maltose, raffinose and 

 a-methylglucoside. 



B. Second Sub-Group 



Yeasts fermenting dextrose and saccharose but having no action 

 on maltose or lactose. 



SACCHAROMYCES MARXIANUS. Hansen 



This species was found by Marx on grapes and described by Han- 

 sen. 3 In must it produces small oval cells which resemble very much 

 S. exiguus and S. ellipsoideus (Fig. 118). How- 

 Q5Q 5? ft ever, they are easily distinguished from these 



^cO Q>^JO f-^n C& ^ wo y eas ^s by the fact that they form colonies 

 c^, of long cells, very rapidly, in the shape of a 

 sausage, and later on flocks which float on the 

 liquid. These are composed of cells having 

 from Sediment after the appearance of mycelium and resemble the 

 (a^ter Hansen) 661 formations which one observes in scums of 



certain other yeasts (S. cerevisiae, Pastorianus 



and ellipsoideus). These colonies are formed of cells which are easily 

 detached from their point of connection. On gelatin the cells develop 

 with a true mycelial formation with cross walls resembling the my-, 

 celium of Monilia Candida (Fig. 119). 



1 Rose, L. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Organismen in Eichenschleimfluss. 

 Inaugural Dissertation, University of Berlin, June 25, 1910. 



2 Lindner, P. Mikroskopische Betriebskontrolle in der Garungswerben. Paul 

 Parey, Berlin, 6th edition, 1909. 



3 Hansen, E. Ch. Recherches sur la physiologic et la morphologic des fer- 

 ments alcooliques. VII. Action des ferments alcooliques sur les diverses especes 

 de sucre. Levures alcooliques a cellules ressemblant & des Saccharomyces. C. R. 

 du lab. de Carlsb. v. II, Book 5, 1888; C. R. du lab. de Carlsb. v. V, Book 2, 

 1902. 



