260 FAMILY OF SACCHAROMYCETACEAE 



SACCHAROMYCES LINDNERI. Guilliermond 1 



This yeast was isolated from a ginger alcoholic drink which is 

 quite similar to the English ginger beer. On beer wort, at 25 C., the 

 yeast develops at the bottom of the flask in the form of a white sedi- 

 ment. The cells are oval or ovoid, rarely round, like those of Sac- 

 charomyces ellipsoideus. The yeast then belongs to the ellipsMeus 

 type. The cells have an average dimension of 5.2 /z in length and 

 4.5 IJL in width. After three months the cells in the sediment take on a 

 peculiar appearance. The growth is vigorous and includes a large num- 

 ber of giant cells, round or elongated, often in the shape of a curl. 

 In old cultures, the cells tend to take on the round shape. The tem- 

 perature limits for budding on beer wort are: minimum, below 5 C., 

 maximum, 40-41 C. Near the temperature limits, the cells have the 

 same shape as at other temperatures. On beer wort at 25 C., this 

 yeast forms a feeble ring after 12 days but never produces a scum. 

 Sporulation is accomplished easily on slices of carrot, Gorodkowa's 

 gelatin medium and plaster blocks. When cultivated for a long 

 time on agar it loses slowly its sporogenic functions as happens in many 

 other yeasts (Lindner). The temperature limits for sporulation have 

 not been given careful study. The spores are to the number of from 

 1 to 4 per asc. They are spherical and have a diameter of 2 to 3 JJL. 

 Germination is accomplished exactly as in Saccharomyces chevalieri 

 and Mangini. It is generally preceded by a copulation of spores. On 

 agar streaks at 25 C., there is produced a grayish white growth. After 

 15 days and up to two months, the colony has the appearance of a 

 damp white layer. The center is a little raised and includes a number 

 of marked raised portions. The periphery is transparent and is charac- 

 terized by a number of jutting-out canals. The edge is undulated. 

 Stab cultures in wort agar give a funnel shaped growth after 25 C. 

 The giant colony on wort agar at 25 C., after 15 days, is well de- 

 veloped with a white, slightly yellowish, color. 



This yeast causes an active fermentation in beer wort. It ferments 

 saccharose, levulose, and d-mannose, and dextrose a little, but has no 

 action on d-galactose, lactose, dextrine and maltose. 



SACCHAROMYCES PARADOXUS. Batschniskaia 



This species was isolated from the mucous secretions of trees 

 at Petrograd. The cells measure 3.6-7.2 X 2.6-6 ju. They possess 

 a rather special form of development, the interpretation of which is 



1 Guilliermond, A. Monographic de levures rapportees d'Afrique occidentale 

 par la Mission Chevalier. Annales des Sciences Naturelles Botaniques, 19, 1914. 



