CRYPTOCOCCUS GUILLIERMONDI 355 



nary yeast, it does not prefer an acid medium. It resembles Cr. 

 Kleinii, but differs by a certain number of characteristics which 

 caused the author to regard it as a new species. This yeast is patho- 

 genic to animals. 



CRYPTOCOCCUS RUBER. Vuillemin 

 Syn.: SACCHAROMYCES RUBER. Demme 



This yeast was isolated by Demme 1 from cow's milk, from the 

 urine of a diabetic man and from diarrhoeic stools of an infant fed 

 on milk. It forms a red layer on the sides of wooden pails which are 

 used for milking. Demme has found it on dry leaves from Hayti. 

 It was studied later by Casagrandi. 



It is a yeast, round or slightly oval (Fig. 154), -with a red or rasp- 

 berry color. On gelatin it gives elevated growth. At the beginning 

 the gelatin is not liquefied, but this change is 

 accomplished in about eight months, according 

 to Casagrandi. According to Demme, Cr. ruber 

 provokes an alcoholic fermentation, but this 

 property is soon lost by continued culturing on 

 alkalin media. Casagrandi has not been able to 

 observe it. 



This yeast develops easily on glucose or 

 glycerol agar and on potato. The optimum Fig. 154. Cryptococcus 



temperature for budding is situated between 18 ruber , 



spore (after Vuillemin). 

 and 22 . 



According to the researches of the above-mentioned investigators 

 Cr. ruber is pathogenic. Introduced into the alimentary canal it pro- 

 duces symptoms of gastric enteritis. Subcutaneous or intraperitoneal 

 injection causes the formation of a tubercle. Vuillemin 2 has shown 

 that the fungus isolated by Bra from different cancers is related to Cr. 

 ruber, and this latter seems to be related to Cr. cavicola of Stephen 

 Arthault. 



CRYPTOCOCCUS GUILLIERMONDI. Beauverie and Lesieur 3 



This was isolated by Guilliermond and Lesieur from human sputum 

 during the course of a secondary cancer of the lungs. This yeast 



1 Demme, R., Saccharomyces ruber, Ann. de micrographie, 1889, and Annali 

 d'Igyene sperim., v. XVII, 1897. 



2 Vuillemin P. Cancer et tumeurs vegetales. Bull, des stances de la Soc. des 

 Sciences de Nancy, 1900. 



3 Beauverie, J-., and Lesieur, C. Etude de quelques levures rencontrees chez 

 Fhomme dans certains exsudates pathologiques. Jour, physiol. et pathol. generale. 

 14 (1912) 983-1008. 



