378 FUNGI RELATED TO THE YEASTS 



hyphae are mature, they break up at the ends into thick- walled 

 conidia. The disintegration of the hyphae into thick-walled cells 

 may also occur at other places than the end. This gives them the 

 appearance of oidia. The various cell units of this microorganism 

 contain many oil globules. This Monilia grows well in raw sugar 

 solutions except those which are most concentrated. The culture 

 fluid becomes turbid with mycelium which, after several days, may 

 extend up the sides of the tube. There is slight gas formation with 

 a fruity odor. The action on the raw sugar consists principally in 

 the inversion of sucrose. This inverting ability is restrained by 

 raising the concentration of the raw sugar. No further description 

 of this organism is given by the author. 



MONILIA FUSCA. 1 Browne 



The colonies of this Monilia are described by Browne as being simi- 

 lar to those of Monilia nigra except that the hyphae are much longer, 

 show a less pronounced tendency to form the yeast-like structures, and 

 have a greenish brown color, instead of black, in the conidial stage. 

 The Monilia grows in raw sugar solutions except the most concen- 

 trated. The media become turbid with a deposit of mycelium and 

 cells. The walls of the container to a distance of 2 cm. may be covered 

 with a dark conidial growth. There is a slight formation of gas 

 and a fruity odor. Monilia fusca possesses a stronger inverting action 

 than Monilia nigra. Browne regards these Monilia as the most 

 destructive organisms found in raw sugar on account of their ability 

 to adapt themselves to different conditions in their environment. 



GEIGER'S PSEUDOMONILIA 2 



Under the name of Pseudomonilia, Geiger has included a number 

 of yeasts which will be described at this time. 



Pseudomonilia albomarginata 



The cells of this yeast are oval (4 to 6 JJL) and have a protoplasm 

 containing one or three refractive granules and a vacuole containing 

 crystals. The mycelium is made up of long filaments. This yeast 

 forms a folded scum. The giant colonies possess special forms and do 

 not liquefy gelatin. This species ferments dextrose slightly, also levu- 

 lose and saccharose, and produces a slight increase in the acid content 

 of solutions. 



1 See reference for Torula communis. 



2 Geiger, A. Beitrage zur Kenntniss des Sprosspilze ohne Sporenbildung. Cent. 

 Bakt., Abt. 2, 1910, 11. 



