108 DISEASES CJLASS I. 2. 4. 5- 



sations, though they have acquired but one name; as one of them 

 attends hunger, and the other repletion; though either of them 

 may possibly be induced by association with nauseous ideas. 



M. M. A blister on the back. An emetic. Opium. Crude 

 mercury. Covering the head in bed. See Sect. XXV. 16. Class 

 IV. 1. 1.2. and 3. 



5. Cardialgia. Hartburn originates from the inactivity of 

 the stomach, whence the aliment, instead of being subdued by 

 digestion, and converted into chyle, runs into fermentation, pro- 

 ducing acetous acid. Sometimes the gastric juice itself becomes 

 so acid as to give pain to the upper orifice of the stomach; these 

 acid contents of the stomach, on falling on a marble hearth, 

 have been seen to produce an effervescence on it. The pain of 

 heat at the upper end of the gullet, when any air is brought up 

 from the fermenting contents of the stomach, is to be ascribed 

 to the sympathy between these two extremities of the oesophagus, 

 rather than to the pungency of the carbonic gas, or fixed air; 

 as the sensation of swallowing that kind of air in w r ater is of a 

 different kind. See Class I. 3. 1. 3. and IV. 2. 2. 5. 



M. M. This disease arising from indigestion is often very per- 

 tinacious, and afflicting; and attended with emaciation of the 

 body from want of sufficient chyle. As the saliva swallowed 

 along with our food prevents its fermentation, as appears by the 

 experiments of Pringle and Macbride, some find considerable re- 

 lief by chewing parched wheat, or mastic, or a lock of wool, fre- 

 quently in a day, when the pain occurs, and by swallowing the 

 saliva thus effused; a temporary relief is often obtained from an- 

 tiacids, or aerated alkaline water, Seltzer water, calcareous earths, 

 alkaline salts made into pills with soap, soap alone, tin, milk, 

 bitters. More permanent use may be had from such drugs as 

 check fermentation, as acid of vitriol; but still more permanent 

 relief from such things as invigorate the digestion, as a blister on 

 the back; a due quantity of vinous spirit and water taken 

 regularly. Steel. Temperance. A sleep after dinner. A waist- 

 coat made so tight as slightly to compress the bowels and sto- 

 mach. A flannel shirt in winter, not in summer. A less quan- 

 tity of potation of all kinds. Ten black pepper-corns swallowed 

 after dinner. Half a grain of opium twice a day, or a grain. 

 The food should consist of such things as do not easily ferment, 

 as flesh, shell-fish, sea-biscnit, toasted cheese. I have seen toasted 

 cheese brought up from the stomach 24 hours after it had been 

 swallowed, without apparently having undergone any chemical 

 change. See Class II. 1. 3. 17. and IV. 1. 2. 13. 



It is probable that violent cardialgia is most frequently owing 

 to increase of the quantity or acidity of the gastric juice, rather 



