244 RETROGRADE SECT. XXIX. 3. i. 



Philof. Tranf. v. 59. p. 392. and as no other veflels open into it be^ 

 fides thefc and the ureters, it feems evident, that the unnatural 

 urine, produced as above defcribed, when the ureters were tied,or 

 the kidneys obliterated, was carried into the bladder by the retro- 

 grade motions of the urinary branch of the lymphatic fyftem. 



The more certainly jroafcertam the exiftenceof another commu- 

 nication between the ftomach and bladder befides that of the cir- 

 culation,the following experiment was made, to which I mud beg 

 your patient attention : A friend of mine (June 14, 1772) on 

 drinking repeatedly of cold fmall punch, till he began to be intox- 

 icated, made a quantity of colourlefs urine. He then drank about 

 two drams of nitre difTolved in fome of the punch, and ate about 

 twenty ilalks of boiled afparagus ; on continuing to drink more 

 of the punch, the next urine that he made was quite clear, and 

 without fmell : but in a little time another quantity was made, 

 which was not quite fo colourlefs, and had a ftrong fmell of the 

 afparagus : he then loft about four ounces of blood from the arm. 



The fmell of afparagus was not at all perceptible in the blood, 

 neither when frefh taken, nor the next morning, as myfelf and 

 two others accurately attended to ; yet this fmell was itrongly 

 perceived in the urine, which was made juft before the blood 

 was taken from his arm. 



Some bibulous paper, moiftened in the ferum of this blood, 

 and differed to dry, (hewed no figns of nitre by its manner of 

 burning. But fome of the fame paper moiftened in the urine, 

 and dried, on being ignited, evidently (hewed the prefence of ni- 

 tre. This blood and the urine flood fome days expofed to the 

 fun in the open air, till they were evaporated to about a fourth of 

 their original quantity, and began to (link : the paper, which 

 was then moiftened with the concentrated urine, (hewed the 

 prefence of much nitre by its manner of burning ; whilft that 

 moiftened with the blood (hewed no fuch appearance at all. 



Hence it appears that certain fluids at the beginning of in- 

 toxication, find another paflage to the bladder befides the long 

 courfe of the arterial circulation ; and as the inteftinal abforb- 

 ents are joined with the urinary lymphatics by frequent anafto- 

 mofes, as Hewfon has demonftrated ; and as there is no other 

 road, we may juftly conclude, that thefe fluids pafs into the blad- 

 der by the urinary branch of the lymphatics which has its mo- 

 tions inverted during the difeafed (late of the animal. 



A gentleman who had been fome weeks affecled with jaun- 

 dice, and whofe urine was in confequence of a very deep yellow, 

 took fome cold fmall punch, in which was diffblved about a 

 dram of nitre ; he then took repeated draughts of the punch, 

 and kept himfelf in a cool room, till on the approach of flight 



intoxication 



