33 DISEASES SECT. XXXIV. 2. 5. 



generally the firft fymptom, and want of fhame, and want of 

 delicacy about cleanlinefs. Sufpicion is a voluntary exertion of 

 the mind arifing from the pain of tear, which it is exerted to 

 relieve : fhame is the name of a peculiar difagreeable fenfation, 

 fee Fable of the Bees, and delicacy about cleanlinefs arifes from 

 another difagreeable fenfation. And therefore are not found in 

 the minds of maniacs, which are employed folely in voluntary 

 exertions. Hence the mod modeft women in this difeafe walk 

 naked amongft men without any kind of concern, ufe obfcene 

 difcourfe, and have no delicacy about their natural evacuations. 



5. Nor are maniacal people more attentive to their natural 

 appetities, or to the irritations whichfurround them, except as far 

 as may refpedl their fufpicions or defigns ; for the violent and 

 perpetual exertions of their voluntary powers of mind prevent 

 their perception of almofl every other object, either of irritation 

 or of fenfation. Hence it is that they bear cold, hunger, and fa- 

 tigue, with much greater pertinacity than in their fober hours, and 

 are lefs injured by them in refpect to their general health. Thus 

 it is afierted by hiftorians, that Charles the Twelfth of Sweden 

 ilept on the fnow, wrapped only in his cloak, at the fiege of Fred- 

 erickftadt, and bore extremes of cold and hunger, and fatigue, 

 under which numbers of his folders perifhed ; becaufe the king 

 was infane with ambition, but the foldier had no fuch powerful 

 ftimulus to preferve his fyftem from debility and death. 



6. Befides the infanities arifing from exertions in confequence 

 of pain, there is alfo a pleafurable infanity, as well as a pleafura- 

 ble delirium ; as the infanity of perfonal vanity, and that of re- 

 Jigious fanticifm. When agreeable ideas excite into motion the 

 fenforial power of fenfation, and this again caufes other trains of 

 agreeable ideas, a conftant ftream of pleafurable ideas fucceeds, 

 and produces pleafurable delirium. So when the fenforial power 

 of volition excites agreeable ideas, and the pleafure thus produ- 

 ced excites more volition in its turn, a conftant flow of agreea- 

 ble voluntary ideas fucceeds \ which when thus exerted in the 

 extreme conftitutes infanity. 



Thus when our mufcular actions are excited by our fenfations 

 of pleafure, it is termed play ; when they are excited by our 

 volition, it is termed work ; and the former of thefe is attended 

 with lefs fatigue, becaufe the mufcular actions in play produce 

 in their turn more pleafurable fenfation ; which again has the 

 property of producing more muicular action, An agreeable in- 

 ftance of this I faw this morning. A little boy, who was tired 

 w ; fh walking, begged of his papa to carry him. " Here," faya 

 the reverend doctor, " ride upon my gold- headed cane ;" and 

 the pleafed child, putting it between his legs, gallopped away 



with 



