iv Preface. 



their kindness in furnishing the electro for this cut. A few 

 other cuts are added to illustrate the work of dissecting. 



The importance of the actual study of types cannot be too 

 strongly urged. Without some real knowledge derived from 

 his own observation, the student has no foundation on which 

 to build the structure of information that he gets from reading 

 and from lectures. To a few fixed facts of experience he can 

 firmly fasten that which he acquires through the experience of 

 others, but which would otherwise be vague and fleeting. 



The earlier edition of the author's " Practical Zoology " was 

 corrected by the late Professor Alpheus Hyatt of the Boston 

 Society of Natural History ; President David Starr Jordan of 

 Leland Stanford, Jr., University ; Professor N. S. Shaler, Har- 

 vard University ; Professor H. Garman, State College of Ken- 

 tucky ; Mr. B. H. Van Vleck ; Mr. J. Y. Bergen, Jr., of the 

 English High School, Boston ; Professor R. E. Call ; Mr. E. P. 

 Jackson, Boston Latin School ; and Professor L. M. Under- 

 wood, Columbia University. 



The proofs of this edition have been critically read by Pro- 

 fessors M. F. Arey, State Normal School, Cedar Falls, la. ; 

 A. C. Boyden, State Normal School, Bridgewater, Mass. ; M. J. 

 Elrod, University of Montana; J. W. Folsom, University of 

 Illinois; H. Garman, State College of Kentucky; W. S. Jack- 

 man, University of Chicago; H. S. Jennings, University of 

 Michigan; J. M. Johnson, Peter Cooper High School, New 

 York; S. J. Hunter, University of Kansas; Louis Murbach, 

 Detroit High School ; Frank Smith, University of Illinois ; 

 H. B. Ward, University of Nebraska. 



The directions for the study of the honey-bee were written by 

 Mr. Charles H. Allen, Bioomington, 111., High School. 



To these gentlemen the author is deeply indebted, and offers 

 them his most sincere thanks. 



NORMAL, ILLINOIS, 

 May 23, 1903. 



