THE MICROSCOPE IN PATHOLOGY. 253 



Contraction and condensation of the liver, kidney, and 

 other glands, hardening, shrinking, and wasting the mus- 

 cular, nervous, and other tissues, are good examples of 

 the second. The amount of change becomes less and less 

 as the morbid state advances, the whole organ wastes, 

 and the secreting structure shrinks, and at last inactive 

 connective tissue alone marks the seat where most active 

 and energetic changes once occurred. It is easy to see 

 how such a substance as alcohol must tend to restrict the 

 rapid multiplication of the cells if the process is too ac- 

 tive, and how it would tend to promote the advance of 

 disease in organs in which rapid change in the cells char- 

 acterizes the normal state. "* 



Xon-living pus-corpuscles are round and granular, about 

 ^Q-gth of an inch in diameter. Dilute acetic acid renders 

 them transparent, and brings into view one or more nu- 

 clei, bright and sharply denned. Neutral alkaline salts 

 shrivel the pus-globules ancl caustic alkalies destroy them- 

 Besides the globules, pus often contains free nuclei, red 

 blood-corpuscles, epithelium, remains of connective tissue, 

 crystals of the triple phosphates, infusoria, etc. The in- 

 spissation of pus sometimes results in a cheesy metamor- 

 phosis or caseation, which has been called tuberculization of 

 pus (see the section on Fatty Degeneration, page 233). 



In addition to pus-cells, there is in inflammation always 

 more or less fluid exudation, or inflammatory effusion. 

 This differs from the ordinary liquor sanguinis of the ves- 

 sels in health by containing a larger proportion of albu- 

 men and flbrinogenous substance, as well as an excess of 

 phosphates and carbonates. This exudation may be in- 

 terstitial when between the tissues and parts, parenchym- 

 atous if seated within the tissues so as to enlarge them, 

 or free if on free surfaces or natural cavities. 



Serous exudations on free surfaces are called flux or 



* The Physiological Anatomy and Physiology of Man, by Todd, 

 Bowman, ancl Beale. Part I. 



