the practice of rearing the calves on their dams, temporarily ob- 

 scured the merits of the breed along milking lines. Generally 

 speaking the rise of interest in Milking Shorthorns in England 

 begins with the establishment of the Cranford herd by the late 

 George Taylor in the early 80s and in this country with the 

 foundation of the Glenside herd about 1890. 



While Milking Shorthorns have been a paying factor on 

 American farms for nearly a century, one of the first official dem- 

 onstrations of their worth was made at the World's Fair test at 

 Chicago in 1893, where under unfavorable circumstances they made 

 a most commendable showing in production. Two of the leading 

 cows in this test were Kitty Clay 3d and Kitty Clay 4th the latter 

 standing third in net profit over all breeds. These full sisters be- 

 came the ancestr esses of the Clay family the leading tribe among 

 American Milking Shorthorns and their descendants have demon- 

 strated in no uncertain manner the milking ability of the breed. 



From the first, breeders have placed their faith, not in short 

 period tests, but in the yearly proof of producing merit. Test- 

 ing was first started in a small way nearly twenty years ago and 

 provided the foundation evidence of the desirability of blood lines 

 with dual-purpose breeding for the production of this type of 

 cattle. Dual-purpose by demonstration was early adopted by 

 breeders as the best method of succeeding with the breed and for 

 the past five years all of the best herds have had careful, accurate 

 records of production. Official testing is being rapidly adopted. 

 Volume 1 Milking Shorthorn Year Book was issued in 1916 

 through the American Shorthorn Breeders' Association and vol- 

 ume 2 in 1917. They contain the records of 427 cows of all ages 

 with an average yearly production of 8,823.9 pounds milk each. 

 Those with fat records in addition to the milk yields average 330.2 

 each. It should be remembered that Milking Shorthorn breeders 

 have been consistent in keeping the dual-purpose idea in mind, 

 breeding the type of cow that would not only pay at the pail, but 

 also raise a profitable market steer and have not gone in for ex- 

 treme yields. Their aim has been to secure and breed profitable 

 production under average farm conditions, not only for one year, 

 but for a term of years. Dorothy, an English Milking Short- 



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