ioo MILK AND ITS HYGIENIC RELATIONS 



in the ferment content cannot be regarded as a reliable test of 

 the presence of disease. 



Gratz and Maray, investigating conditions of mastitis in relation 

 to the ferment content, showed that the reductase content, as 

 measured by the time required for reduction of the F.M.B. solution, 

 was very variable, and could not be regarded as a reliable aid in 

 the diagnosis of mastitis. The time of the reaction was frequently 

 prolonged with colostral milk. 



Ullmann found that the catalase content was usually raised 

 in conditions of mastitis, but he pointed out that the alteration 

 in content appeared to depend rather more upon the alteration in 

 the nature of the secretion than on the actual clinical condition 

 of the udder. The peroxidase content of milk in mastitis he found 

 to be variable. Sometimes an increase was obtained, sometimes 

 a decrease, and evidence of the presence of peroxidase might even 

 be absent. Reduction of the F.M.B. solution might also be absent, 

 while the amount of diastase present was variable. Accompanying 

 these changes there was usually a rise in the alkalinity of the milk. 



Montius investigated the milk of cows suffering from foot 

 and mouth disease. He found that unless the udder itself was 

 affected a rise of ferment content was not present. Should, 

 however, an increase in catalase be obtained, this was probably 

 indicative of commencing disease of the udder, and was, he con- 

 sidered, secondary to the primary disease. Stetter also found a 

 rise in ferment content in diseased conditions of the udder. 



These facts, although somewhat indefinite, denote that in 

 conditions where the gland tissue is affected, so as to admit of 

 increased exudation from the blood to the lumen of the gland 

 tubules even in a small degree, there will be a tendency for 

 a rise in the content of catalase and possibly of other ferments 

 which are present in the blood. 



REFERENCES IN CHAPTER V 

 The Enzymes of Milk 



ACHARD AND CLERC, ' Variations pathologiques du Pouvoir amylolytique du 



Serum sanguin,' Compt. Rendus Soc. de Biol. 1901, iii. 708. 

 AMOSS. See Kastle and Amoss. 

 ARNOLD AND MENZEL, ' Die Guajakprobe in der Praxis,' Zeit. /. Fleisch- u. 



Milchhygiene, 1902, p. 205. 

 ARNOST, ' Die Guajak Reaktion der Milch,' Zeit. f. Unters. Nahr- und 



Genussm. 1905, x. 538. 

 AUSTIN, ' The Proteolytic Enzyme of Human Milk,' Journ. of Med. Research, 



1908, xix. 309. 

 BABCOCK AND RUSSELL, (i) ' Unorganised Ferments of Milk,' Agric. Exp. 



Stat., Wisconsin, 1897, i^thRept.,p. 161. (2) ' Unorganised Ferments 



of Milk,' Agric. Exp. Stat., Wisconsin, 1898, i$th Rept., p. 177. 

 BABCOCK, RUSSELL, AND VIVIAN, (i) ' Properties of Galactase a Digestive 



Ferment of Milk,' Agric. Exp. Stat., Wisconsin, 1898, i$th Rept., p. 79. 



