EXPERIMENTAL DATA OF RAW AND BOILED MILK 175 



CHAPTER X 



EXPERIMENTAL DATA UPON THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF RAW AND 

 BOILED MILK AS A FOOD FOR THE YOUNG OF A DIFFERENT SPECIES 



DETAILS of the numerous experiments which have been carried out 

 upon animals in order to ascertain the relative nutritive values 

 of raw and boiled cows' milk are given below. General criticisms 

 on this class of work have already been made in the summary on 

 this chapter and need not be repeated. 



Experiments upon Guinea-pigs. The first experiments carried 

 out upon guinea-pigs were those of Bolle. Bolle (1903) was led to 

 carry out his experiments as the result of seeing a case of Barlow's 

 disease in a child, which he attributed to the sterilised milk upon 

 which the child had been fed. 



This observer fed young guinea-pigs upon cows' milk which 

 had been boiled for five, ten, fifteen minutes, and longer. He 

 found that only the guinea-pigs who were fed upon the milk which 

 had been boiled for five minutes did well ; all the others died in 

 periods varying inversely with the length of time for which the 

 milk had been boiled. These results were sharply criticised by 

 Bartenstein, who, on the publication of Belle's results, had com- 

 menced experiments upon the same lines. 



Bartenstein (1905) fed numerous young guinea-pigs upon raw, 

 boiled, and sterilised cows' milk. They all died. He then varied 

 the diet by adding to it small quantities of sterilised hay, but the 

 animals refused the hay, and all died. Bartenstein then applied 

 to Bolle for details in regard to the feeding. Bolle replied that 

 the feeding had been supervised by another observer, who was no 

 longer available for information ; that there had been a little 

 difficulty in getting the animals to feed at first, but that it had been 

 overcome by giving cream. No observer has confirmed Bolle's 

 results, and not much stress can be laid upon them. 



Briining (3) (1906) fed guinea-pigs upon raw and boiled cows' 

 milk, using breast-fed guinea-pigs as controls. Profiting by 

 Bartenstein 's experience, he allowed all the animals small quantities 

 of hay every day. All the animals lived. The controls did best 

 of all, next came the animal fed upon boiled cows' milk, and then 

 the one fed upon raw cows' milk. The coats of the artificially-fed 

 ones were not in good condition. Only one animal was used 

 for each of the series, and the possibility of error is therefore very 

 great. 



Moro (1907) fed considerable numbers of guinea-pigs upon 

 human milk, and on cows' milk, both raw and boiled. All the 

 guinea-pigs died in a few days, with acute symptoms suggestive 



