204 PHYSICAL EXPRESSION, 



General Muscular Condition. The action, or 

 relaxation, of the muscles of the limbs and body 

 generally were noted. 



Face. Facial aspect, and muscles in action or 

 relaxation. 



Upper Zone. Frontal region, occipito-frontalis 

 and corrugator. 



Middle Zone. Eyelids and orbicularis oculi. 



Lower Zone. Mouth muscles ; muscles of nose ; 

 cheeks. 



Summarizing the results, we obtained figures 

 showing the frequency with which these muscles 

 respectively come into spontaneous action in a mean- 

 ingless manner. This is perhaps some indication of 

 the degree of their intellectual representation. Thus 

 the corrugator and orbicularis oculi were much less 

 frequently thrown into meaningless action than the 

 occipito-frontalis and zygomatic, and probably the 

 former are much more expressive of intellectuality 

 than the latter. Again, applying direct observa- 

 tion to the other side of the question, and noting 

 which muscles are most frequently put in action in 

 the faces of intellectual people in the expression of 

 their mental states, I think that we see intellectu- 

 ality most commonly expressed in the frontal and 

 middle zones, while grinning, yawning, and the 

 meaningless smile are seen in the lower facial zone, 

 that region which is the most readily affected by 

 brain disease. It is not uncommon for nervous 

 people frequently to produce a peculiar, awkward, 

 grinning expression, owing to unequal action of the 



