294 PHYSICAL EXPRESSION. 



the gait, result from states of the brain or spinal 

 cord. 



In the observations to be referred to, examples 

 are chiefly drawn from the ocular and facial muscles, 

 and those of the upper extremity. 



If anything can aid our studies of man, the 

 matter becomes of interest to several classes of 

 writers, to all those who study the body of man 

 as indicating the activities of his brain or mind, 

 and as giving the knowledge of the means whereby 

 the idea of his mental states and feelings may be 

 expressed. If the matters discussed in this work 

 are of use in this direction, they concern not only 

 the physician but also the artist. 



It is the work of the painter and sculptor, to 

 express by form and posture, the conceptions he 

 may wish to produce of the condition of men and 

 women, in certain conditions of mind, states of 

 strength and weakness ; expressions of mental and 

 physical pain, states of rest or repose, feminine 

 coyness and defiance : the poet has to describe all 

 these things in words. Clearly, also, it is a mistake 

 for conditions of the limbs characteristic of disease 

 to be used as mere expressions of feeling, unless the 

 feeling be the result of disease. 



There is, then, in the subject before us, conditions 

 of the muscles expressive of the states of the nerve 

 system, a field for observation and description, in 

 which the artist and the physician may work 

 together, observing and analyzing with as much 

 exactness as may be, the modes by which the vary- 

 ing conditions of the brain and mind are indicated 



