312 PHYSICAL EXPRESSION. 



" Painters have occasion to use variety infinitely 

 more than sculptors, and of course have less sub- 

 jections. Raphael, in a certain sense, only multi- 

 plied the taste of the ancients of the second order, 

 by uniting it with a certain truth of which sculpture 

 has not availed, either from rule or from taste, of 

 all sorts of proportions, without being able to decide 

 if one were better than another ; and I know some 

 of his figures, which have little more than six heads 

 and an half; a proportion which would not be 

 sufferable in any other than Raphael. 



"The structure of the human body has such a 

 symmetry, that it gives the idea of its motion, and 

 this concordance of members is such, that to be able 

 to produce that effect, one has to observe, what is 

 called correctness of design. I shall therefore pro- 

 ceed to treat of this succinctly, proposing that which 

 one ought to do to obtain it. 



" The figure which one would wish to make being 

 determined, one may design the head of the size 

 one likes, observing, notwithstanding, for a rule, 

 that the smallest head a painting admits of, is the 

 ninth part of the figure, and the largest is a sixth 

 part ; these two dimensions are the two extremes ; 

 the general size being of an eighth or a seventh 

 part of the figure. The neck should then be 

 made equal to half of the head" (vol. ii. ch. xii. 

 p. 159). 



Mengs held that the affections of man may be 

 discovered by every sort of external sign ; that an 

 emotion cannot occur in man without exciting a 

 corresponding motion. He points out that the 



