10 PHYSIOLOGY FOR THE LABORATORY. 



1. What is its general shape ? 



2. Compare with the human skeleton and find other 



short bones. 



d. An irregular borie, such as the vertebra or any bone 

 except the three preceding kinds. 



1. Find other irregular bones in the human skeleton. 



B. The Gross Structure of a Long Bone. 



Materials. A long bone, as the humerus or bone of the upper 

 arm ; a fresh long bone, as the bone of the leg of a sheep. This 

 should be sawed in halves longitudinally (lengthwise). Any butcher 

 will saw the bone when the material is purchased. 



Study carefully any long bone, as the humerus or bone 

 of the upper arm. Most of the external parts may be 

 seen from a dried specimen. Then compare this with a 

 longitudinal section of a fresh bone and identify the 

 remaining parts. 



I. THE EXTERNAL PARTS (of a long bone). 

 a. The shaft, or long central cylindrical portion. 



1. The ridges on the surface : their use ? where do 



they lead? 



2. The round openings : where situated ? their use ? 



3. The rough places : what is attached here ? 



4. The periosteum, or covering on the fresh bone. 



(1) How far does it extend ? 



(2) "What is the color and appearance of its 



surface ? 



(3) What is its use ? 



