CHAPTER II 

 GENERAL VIEW OF THE BODY 



External Divisions. Examined from the outside, the 

 body presents certain parts, or divisions, familiar to all. 

 The main, or central, portion is known as the trunk, and 

 to this are attached the head, the upper extremities, and 

 the loiver extremities. These in turn present smaller 

 divisions which are also familiar. The upper part of the 

 trunk is known as the thorax, or chest, and the lower part 

 as the abdomen. The portions of the trunk to which the 

 arms are attached are the shoulders, and those to which 

 the legs are joined are the hips, while the central rear 

 portion between the neck and the hips is the back. The 

 fingers, the hand, the wrist, the forearm, the elbow, and 

 the upper arm are the main divisions of each of the upper 

 extremities. The toes, the foot, the ankle, the lower leg, 

 the knee, and the thigh are the chief divisions of each of 

 the lower extremities. The head, which is joined to the 

 trunk by the neck, has such interesting parts as the eyes, 

 the ears, the nose, the jaws, the cheeks, and the mouth. 

 The entire body is inclosed in a double covering, called 

 the skin, which protects it in various ways. 



The Tissues. After examining the external features of 

 the body, we naturally inquire about its internal structures. 

 These are not so easily investigated, and much which is of 

 interest to advanced students must be omitted from an 

 elementary course. We may, however, as a first step in 

 this study, determine what kinds of materials enter into 



4 



