584 



PHYSIOLOGY OF THE DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 



the rate of respiration is very much more rapid, being one hundred and 

 sixty in the beetle, and in some other insects as high as two hundred 

 and forty. 



The following table, which is taken from that compiled by Paul Bert, 

 represents the number of respiratory movements in different animals : 



Tiger, 



Lion, 



Cat, 



Dog, 



Ox, 



Rabbit, 



Rat, 



Rhinoceros, . 

 Hippopotamus, 



Horse, . 

 Condor, 

 Pigeon, 

 Canary, 



6 in the minute. 

 10 " 

 24 " 

 15 " 

 15-18 " 

 55 " 

 C 100 asleep. 

 < 210 awake. 

 ( 320 excited. 



6 in the minute, 

 f 1 in the water. 

 ( 10 out of water. 

 10-12 in the minute. 

 6 " 

 30 " 

 18 " 



The rate of respiration varies also according to the age of different 

 animals. This is shown in the following tables : 



Newborn infant, 



5 years, 



15 to 20, 



20 to 25, 



25 to 30, 



30 to 50, 



In the foal, 

 Adult horse. 

 Young ox, . 

 Adult ox, . 

 Lamb, 

 Sheep, 

 Puppy, 

 Dog, . 



44 per minute. 



26 



20 



18.7 



16 



18.1 



10 to 12 



9 to 20 



18 to 20 



15 to 18 



16 to 17 

 13 to 16 

 18 to 20 

 15 to 18 



It is thus seen that young animals, as a rule, respire more frequently 

 in the minute than adult animals ; so, also, small animals breathe faster 

 than large animals. Thus, the giraffe, camel, horse, rhinoceros, and 

 hippopotamus breathe about ten times in the minute; the llama and 

 deer, sixteen to twenty times a minute ; the whale, four to five times a 

 minute ; the guinea-pig, thirty-five times a minute ; the larger birds, 

 twenty to thirty times, and the smaller birds, thirty to fifty times a 

 minute. 



As already described, the respiratory movements may vary in 

 intensity. In other words, inspiration and expiration may be either 

 shallow or deep. It is self-evident that the quantity of air taken in in 

 a deep inspiration and expelled from the lungs in forced expiration 



