CONTENTS 



PAGE 



FOREWORD: THE RIDDLERS 1 



I. How TO KNOW A WOODPECKER 4 



II. How THE WOODPECKER CATCHES A GRUB . . 9 



III. How THE WOODPECKER COURTS HIS MATE . . 15 



IV. How THE WOODPECKER MAKES A HOUSE . . 20 

 V. How A FLICKER FEEDS HER YOUNG . ....*. .24 



VI. FRIEND DOWNY 28 



VII. PERSONA NON GRATA. (YELLOW-BELLIED SAPSUCKER) 33 

 VIII. EL CARPINTERO. (CALIFORNIAN WOODPECKER) . . 46 

 IX. A RED-HEADED COUSIN. (RED-HEADED WOOD- 

 PECKER) 55 



X. A STUDY OF ACQUIRED HABITS 60 



XI. THE WOODPECKER'S TOOLS : His BILL ... 68 



XII. THE WOODPECKER'S TOOLS: His FOOT ... 77 



XIII. THE WOODPECKER'S TOOLS: His TAIL ... 86 



XIV. THE WOODPECKER'S TOOLS: His TONGUE ... 99 

 XV. How EACH WOODPECKER is FITTED FOR HIS OWN 



KIND OF LIFE 104 



XVI. THE ARGUMENT FROM DESIGN 110 



APPENDIX 113 



A. KEY TO THE WOODPECKERS OF NORTH AMERICA . 114 



B. DESCRIPTIONS OF THE WOODPECKERS OF NORTH AMER- 



ICA 117 



