118 APPENDIX 



a. D. v. leucomelas, Northern Hairy Woodpecker. 10-11 inches. 

 Larger, whiter. 



British America. 



b. D. v. audubonii, Southern Hairy Woodpecker. 8-8.5 inches. 

 Smaller, more dingy white. 



South Atlantic and Gulf States. 



c. D. v. harrisii, Harris's Woodpecker. 9-10 inches. 



Upper parts with less white, few wing spots, under parts 

 soiled white or smoky brown; larger than next. 

 Northwest coast, northern California to Alaska. 



d. D. v. hyloscopus, Cabanis's Woodpecker. 8.5-9.5 inches. 

 White stripe down back very wide ; purer white below than 

 harrisii; fewer wing spots than leucomelas and villosus. 



Western United States, except northwest coast, east to 

 the Rocky Mountains. 



e. D. v. monticola, Rocky Mountain Woodpecker. 10-11 inches. 

 Larger ; more white spots near bend of wing and second- 

 aries than hyloscopus, fewer than villosus / pure white below. 



Rocky Mountains west to Uintah Mountains, Utah. 



3. DRYOBATES PUBESCENS, Southern Downy Woodpecker. 



Black and white; broad white stripe down back; wings 

 thickly spotted with white; under parts white. $ with 

 scarlet occipital patch. A miniature Hairy Woodpecker, 

 differing only in having four outer pairs of tail feathers 

 more or less white and the outermost barred. 6.5 inches. 

 Like the Hairy Woodpecker, the Downy and its subspecies 

 are resident and breed wherever they occur. 

 South Atlantic and Gulf States. 



a. D. p. gairdnerii, Gairdner's Woodpecker. 6.75 inches. 

 Bears same relation to Downy that Harris's does to Hairy 

 Woodpecker ; under parts smoky white ; wings spots few. 



Pacific coast north to about lat. 55. 



b. D. p. orecscus, Batchelder's Woodpecker. 7.5 inches. 

 Under parts pure white; under tail coverts unspotted; 

 fewer wing spots than medianus and pubescens. 



Rocky Mountain region of United States. 



c. D. p. medianus, Downy Woodpecker. 7 inches. 



