122 APPENDIX 



Rocky Mountains to Coast Range, replacing the above in 

 the mountains; usually breeding at from 5000 to 10,000 

 feet elevation. 



12. SPHYRAPICUS RUBER, Red-breasted Sapsucker. 



Body and under parts similar to S. varius, but back much 

 less variegated with white. No black on breast, no white 

 stripe through eyes. Nasal tufts brownish instead of white. 

 Head, neck, and breast uniform crimson. Sexes alike. Young 

 with crimson replaced by gray or " claret brown " (Ben- 

 dire). 8.5-9 inches. 



Pacific coast, Sierra Nevada, and on both sides of Cascade 

 Mountains ; a summer resident only north of northern 

 California. 



At first sight the Red-breasted Sapsucker might be mis- 

 taken for the Red-headed Woodpecker, but the two birds 

 do not inhabit the same country. 



13. SPHYRAPICUS THYROIDEUS, Williamson's Sapsucker. 



Sexes totally dissimilar except in having a white rump and 

 yellow under parts. Male, glossy black all over except con- 

 spicuous white rump and white wing coverts, two white stripes 

 on sides of head, white nasal tufts, white spots on primaries ; 

 sides and tail coverts mottled; a stripe of scarlet down mid- 

 dle of throat and brilliant yellow under parts. Female, light 

 brown ; head clear brown ; body, wings, and tail closely 

 barred with black and white; no white wing coverts; rarely 

 a red throat like male; usually but not always a large 

 black patch on breast, and always a yellow belly and white 

 rump. Young males lack the red on the throat and usually 

 the yellow on the belly; the black is dull, and the throat a 

 dingy white. Young females lack the yellow on the belly 

 and the black on breast, and are dull-colored and indis- 

 tinctly marked. 9-9.5 inches. 



Rocky Mountain region, west to Sierra Nevada, Cas- 

 cades and northern Coast Ranges, breeding at from 5000 

 to 9000 feet elevation. The handsomest of our wood- 

 peckers. 



