266 NOVUM ORGANUM. 



simili fere intervallo quoad tempus. Quia scilicet in auro, 

 ingressus aquae separationis est clemens et subtiliter insi- 

 nuans, et cessio partium auri facilis ; at in ferro, ingressus 

 est asper et cum conflictu, et partes ferri habent obstina- 

 tionem majorem. 



Ostenditur etiam aliquatenus in gangraenis nonnullis et 

 mortificationibus carnium; quae non excitant magnum 

 calorem aut dolorem, ob subtilitatem putrefactionis. 



Atque haec sit Prima Vindemiatio, sive Interpretatio inchoata 

 de Forma Calidi, facta per Permissionem Intellectus. 



Ex Yindemiatione autem ista Prima, Forma sive definitio 

 vera Caloris (ejus qui est in ordine ad universum, non relativus 

 tantummodo ad sensum) talis est, brevi verborum complexu: 

 Color est motus expansivus, cohibitus, et nitens per partes 

 minores. Modificatur autem expansio; ut expandendo in am- 

 bitum, nonnihil tamen inclinet versus superiora. Modificatur 

 autem et nixus ille per partes; ut non sit omnino segnis, sed 

 incitatus et cum impetu nonnullo. 1 



1 The Inquisitio de forma calidi suggests these remarks : 



1st. A great part of it conduces in no way to the result. This may be said to be 

 the natural consequence of the method of inquiry. 



2nd. Heat (caloric) is confounded with the effects of chemical agencies, which are 

 said " exequi opera caloris." 



3rd. A greater source of confusion is the complete absence of any recognition of the 

 principle that all bodies tend to acquire the temperature of those about them, and that 

 the difference ad tactum which makes one body feel hotter or colder than another 

 depends not on its being hotter *r colder, but on the different degree of facility which 

 they have in communicating their own respective temperature. In consequence of 

 this, it had always been taught that one class of bodies were in their own nature cold, 

 another hot, and so on. All liquids were cold. Experiments with a thermometer 

 would have shown that they were not; but these Bacon did not try, an instance 

 among others how far he was from rejecting all he had been taught. 



Of which remarks we may observe that, of the "Instantiae convenientes," 13. is 

 an instance of the third, while from 22. to the end exemplify the second ; of the 

 " Instantiae in proximo," 14 19. are to be referred to the third ; from 27. to the end, 

 to the second. 



4th. Calidum and Frigidum seem to be considered distinct and not correlative qua- 

 lities. 



5th. The adoption of astrological fables about the hot and cold influence of the stars 

 and planets [is to be remaiked in the Tabula Graduum, 15. et seqq.] 



Then comes the result, that the natura calidi is a motus expansivus. This is seen 

 [in air], " Optime cernitur in aere qui per exiguum calorem se diktat continue et mani- 

 festo, ut per Jnst. 38. Tab. 3. : " that is, by the instance of a vitrum calendare, or 

 air-thermometer. And this is beyond question a good instance. But then in the 

 " exemplum exclusivae," 11., we read " Per dilatationem aeris in vitris calendariis 

 et similibus, qui movetur localiter et expansive manifesto, neque tamen colligit mani- 

 festum augmentum caloris, rejice etiam motum localem aut expansivum secunclum 

 totum." How is this passage to be reconciled with the preceding ? For if the example 

 of the vitrum calendare proves anything, it proves a motus expansivus secundum 

 totum ; and if, on account of our having no manifest evidence that the air waxes 

 hot when it expands, the example does not prove this, why is it adduced ? The 



