82 



N. H. AGR. EXPERIMENT STATION. 



[Bulletin 171 



Pupation sometimes takes place inside the fruit. Illingworth 

 (34, p. 146) found this especially the case where the fruit was 

 attacked by black-rot. 



DEPTH LARV.S PENETRATE INTO THE SOIL. 



Examination of sod beneath infested trees showed pupae 

 present not far from the surface of the soil, among the upper 

 grass roots. Examination of cultivated ground disclosed pupae 

 in greatest abundance at depths of one to two inches, though 

 much depends on the character of the soil. 



In 1908 infested apples of four varieties were placed on sandy 



soil and allowed to rot. This soil was carefully examined the 



following spring and pupae were found at the depths given in 



Table 23. 



Table 23. 



Depths at which Pupce Were Found in Sandy SoU. 



Proportion found at depths 1| to 2 inches, 52.9 per cent. 

 Proportion found at depths 1 to 3 inches, 84.4 per cent. 



DATES OF FIRST AND LAST PUPATION. 



The dates of first and last pupation cover a wide range of time, 

 probably extending through about four months. In the latter 

 half of this period, however, the proportion of individuals entering 

 the pupal stage rapidly diminishes. 



In the records of this investigation the earliest date of forma- 

 tion of the puparium in the open under normal surroundings was 

 August 3, 1910. Quite hkely in favorable seasons some larvae 



