July, 1914.] THE APPLE MAGGOT. 103 



found there also to experiments by Ross (55, p. 68) with pans 

 containing baits and hung in trees. 



In 1912 16 pans were prepared. Fifteen of these contained a 

 solution made up at the rate of arsenate of lead 1| ounces, 

 molasses 2 quarts, water 2 quarts. One pan contained a solu- 

 tion made up in a similar manner, but substituting 4 pounds of 

 brown sugar for the 2 quarts of molasses. To each pan was added 

 5 drops of oil of rhodium. These pans were hung in various trees 

 that had been badly infested with the maggot, the trees located 

 in orchards some miles distant from Durham. 



Other matters interfered with observation of the pans. At 

 the close of the season their contents were brought to Durham. 

 They had caught a large and heterogeneous mass of insect life. 

 A part of this material was gone over, but no traces of adults of 

 the maggot were discovered. It should be noted, however, that 

 the season was one of comparatively light infestation, and adults 

 may not have been abundant in the localities in question. 



CONTROL MEASURES DIRECTED AGAINST THE LARVA. 



The only vulnerable point in the larval stage made clear in this 

 investigation is the fact that fruit must drop from the tree and 

 reach a favorable degree of mellowness before the larva can ma- 

 ture and leave it. 



CONTROL BY PICKING UP DROPS. 



The experiments already described determining the length of 

 time after the fruit falls before the larvae issue from it are believed 

 to supply the most trustworthy data obtainable on control by 

 picking up drops. The bearing of these data on a plan of con- 

 trol, taking into account the behavior of different varieties of 

 apples, the influence of the time when dropping takes place, and 

 the dispersion habits of the adults, will be given later in recom- 

 mendations for control. 



In a study of conditions prevailing in many orchards in New 

 Hampshire it was found that most growers, in ordinary farm 

 orchards, take little heed of the drops, often confining their efforts 

 to a single cleaning up in October or failing to take into ac- 

 count the worthless, infested early fruit. Others following right 



