4-8O NOTES. 



117 (i. 430). Savignj, " Meraoires snr les Animaux sans 

 Vertebras." Vol. ii., Ascidies, 1816. Giard, " Recherches sur 

 les Synascidies." "Archives de Zoologie Experlmentale," vol. i., 

 1872. 



118 (i. 435). Syn-ascidia and Echinoderms. The Corm-theory 

 of Echinoderms, which I explained in 1866 (" Grenerelle Mor- 

 phologie," vol. ii. p. Ixiii), and which has been much attacked as 

 " paradoxical," is as yet the sole theory attempting the genetic 

 explanation of this remarkable group of animals. 



119 (i. 442). Kowalevsky, "History of the Evolution of the 

 Amphioxus and of Simple Ascidians" (" Memoires de 1'Acad. de 

 S. Petersbourg." 7 Serie. Tom. x. and xi. 1867-8). 



-120 (i. 450). The metameric structure of the Amphioxus 

 which is indicated in its nerve and muscle systems, undoubtedly 

 shows that the notochord exists in Vertebrates previous to their 

 metameric structure, and consequently that it is inherited from 

 unarticulated Chorda Animals, 



121 (i. 454). The Metamorphosis of the Amphioxus, through 

 which the larva passes into the adult form, is not yet fully 

 known in all its details. This does not, however, affect the 

 extraordinarily important bearing of the thoroughly known, 

 earliest incidents in its germination on the palingenesis of Verte- 

 brates. 



122 (i. 455). Fertilization of Ascidia (Phallusia mammillata), 

 Ednard Strasburger, " On Cell-structure and Cell-division, with 

 Studies of Fertilization." 2nd edition. Jena, 1876, p. 306, 

 Plate VIII. 



123 (i. 462). Kupffer. The tribal relation of Ascidia to 

 Vertebrates ("Archiv fur Mikros. Anat.," 1870, vol. vi. pp. 

 115-170). Oscar Hertwig, " Researches into the Structure and 

 Evolution of the Cellulose Mantles of Tunicata" (" Untersu- 

 chungen liber den Bau und die Entwickelung des Cellulose- 

 Mantels der Tunicaten"). Richard Hertwig, "Contribution to 

 Knowledge of Ascidian Structure" (" Beitriige zur Kenntniss 

 des Baues der Ascidien." " Jenaische Zeitschrift fur Naturwis- 

 senschaft," 1873, vol. vii.). 



