462 NOTES. 



possible, by discovering their historic evolution. Its future 

 promises to be most fruitful. Cf. " Aims and Methods of the 

 Recent History of Evolution " (" Ziele und Wege der Heutigen 

 Entwickelungsgeschichte," pp. 92-98. Jena, 1876). 



15 (i. 27). Aristotle. Five books on the generation and 

 evolution of animals (^repi wS>v yevecreos). 



16 (i. 28). Parthenogenesis. On " virginal generation," 

 or the "immaculate conception" of Invertebrates, especially of 

 Articulated Animals (Crustacea, Insecta, etc.), see Siebold, 

 "Remarks on Parthenogenesis among Arthropoda " (" Beitriige 

 zur Parthenogenesis der Arthropoden." Leipzig, 1871). Georg 

 Seidlitz, " Parthenogenesis and its Relation to other Forms of 

 Generation in the Animal Kingdom " (" Die Parthenogenesis und 

 ihr Verhaltniss zu den iibrigen Zeugungs-Arten im Thierreich." 

 Leipzig, 1872). 



17 (i. 34). The Preformation-theory. This theory is, in 

 Germany, usually called " Evolutions-theorie," in distinction from 

 the " Epigenesis-theorie." As, however, in England, France, and 

 Italy, the latter is, on the contrary, usually called the theory of 

 evolution, evolution and epigenesis being used as synonymous 

 terms, it appears better to call the former " the theory of pre- 

 formation." Recently Kolliker has called his "theory of hetero- 

 genous generation" "Evolutionism" (note 47). Cf. preface, 

 p. xxx. 



18 (i. 37). Alfred KirchhofF, "Caspar Friedrich Wolff, his 

 Life and Teaching in the Science of Organic Evolution." 

 " Jenaische Zeitschrift fiir Naturwissenschaft," 1868, vol. iv, 

 p. 193. 



19 (i. 43). Part of the writings left by Wolff have not yet 

 been published. His most important works are the dissertation 

 for the degree of doctor, Theoria generations (1759), and his 

 model treatise " de formatione intestinorum " (on the formation 

 of the intestinal canal). "Nov. Comment. Acad. Sc. Petropol.," 

 xii. 1768; xiii. 1769. Translated into German by Meckel. 

 Halle, 1812. 



20 (i. 51) Christian Pander, " Historia metamorpJwseos, quam 



