INSTINCT AND INTELLIGENCE. EMOTION. 30! 



wards through simpler and simpler grades of 

 intelligence until the very lowest possible man is 

 reached, and this man they regard as primitive. 

 Now it only requires a little imagination on the 

 part of the evolutionist to take one or two steps 

 more, and man's body will become ape-like ; his in- 

 telligence will dwindle away until it is no greater 

 than that of animals, and consequently all of the 

 special human attributes, which depend on this 

 intelligence, will disappear altogether. 



The evolutionist believes, then, that the human 

 mental nature is such as could have developed from 

 animal intelligence. In order to substantiate this 

 claim it is necessary to show one of two things : 

 either that all of the qualities of human mental 

 nature are present in animal minds in rudiment and 

 only require development, or that they are such as 

 can have been developed from qualities which are 

 found in animals. Let us now notice the attempt 

 which Darwin and others have made to do this, and, 

 at the same time, the objections which their oppo- 

 nents have raised against their arguments. The 

 force of these arguments and objections is largely 

 a matter of opinion, and this leaves much room for 

 dispute. We shall therefore find that almost every 

 position held by either side is combated by advo- 

 cates of the opposite view. 



Instinct and Intelligence. Emotion. 



A popular distinction between man and animals is 

 that man possesses reason while animals are provided 

 with instincts. But a very little consideration shows 



