CONTENTS 



- 



TREATISE ON BOTANY. 



PAOB 



Important objects of BOTANT ... 1 

 History of the Science, and its distin- 

 guished Promoters 2 



Early Classification of PLANTS ... 8 



Definition of a Plant 8 



Sensitiveness of Plants 4 



AXATOMT or STBUCTUBE of Plants . . 6 

 Elementary Tissues and Formative 



Fluid 5 



Elementary Membrane 6 



Elementary Fibre 7 



Cellular Tissue, or Parenchyma . . 8 



Intercellular Spaces 12 



Thick- walled Cells, or Sclerogen . . 12 



Fibro-Cellular Tissue 14 



Multiplication of Cells 16 



Pitted Tissue 17 



Woody Tissue 18 



Woody Fibre 19 



Uses of Woody Fibre 20 



The Flax Plant 22 



Flax, Cotton, Wool, and Silk ... 23 



The Palmyra Palm 24 



The Vascular Tissue 25 



Spiral Vessels 25 



The Ducts 27 



Unity of Design pervading the whole 



Structure of Plants 28 



Lacticiferous, or Milk-bearing Vessels 28 



The Banyan Tree 80 



Caoutchouc and Gutta-Percha ... 81 



SECRETIONS or PLANTS ... 81 



FAOB 



Various Plants which secrete pur* 



Starch 32,83 



The Arum Maculatum 83 



The Sago Palm, containing a large 



quantity of Starch 84 



Starch Granules 8ft 



Cellular Character of Starch . . 36 



Starch Cells 37 



Cells of the Potato 40 



Vegetable Secretions Kaphides . . 41 



Vegetable Oils 42 



Fixed Oils Olive Oil 43 



Palm Oil Cocoa-nut Oil Linseed 



Oil 44 



Rape OU Castor Oil Poppy Oil, 



&c ...,.,..,., 45 



Vegetable Butters, Tallow, and Wax . 48 



Volatile Oils 47 



Gums and Resins 48 



Gum Arabic Gum Senegal, &c. . . 48 

 Reservoirs of Secretion Turpen- 

 tine - ... 48 



Tar, Pitch. Resin, Lac, Assafoetida, 



<fec 49 



Plant of the Dracaena Draco .... 49 



Vegetable Acids, and Tannin ... 50 



Opium, and the Poppy Seed ... 51 

 Sugar, and the Sugar Cane . . . 51, 52 



Colouring Principles of Plants ... 53 

 Dyea Indigo, Logwood, Brazil-wood, 



<fec. 54 



Vegetable Secretion of Silica ... 55 

 Proportions of Silica in the Ashes 



of Vegetable Substances . . S7 



