58 SENSORIAL ACTIONS. SECT. XL 2. 



the fenforium in contrary directions ; that is, that 

 volition begins at the central parts of it, and pro- 

 ceeds to the extremities ; and that fenfation begins 

 at the extremities, and proceeds to the central parts : 

 I mean that thefe two fenforial faculties cannot be 

 ftrongly exerted at the fame time ; for when we 

 exert our volition ftrongly, we do not attend to 

 pleafure or pain ; and converfely, when we are 

 itrongly affected with the fenfation of pleafure or 

 pain, we u(e no volition. As will be further ex- 

 plained in Section XVIII. on fleep, and Section 

 XXXIV. on volition. 



2. All our emotions and paflions feem to arife 

 out of the exertions of thefe two faculties of the 

 animal fenforium. Pride, hope, joy, are the names 

 .of particular pleafures : ihame, defpair, forrow, arc 

 the names of peculiar pains : and love, ambition, 

 avarice, of particular defires : hatred, difguft, fear, 

 anxiety, of particular averfions. Whilft the paf- 

 lion of anger includes the pain from a recent injury, 

 and the averfion to the adverfary that occaiioned 

 it. And companion is the pain we experience at 

 ( the fight of mifery, and the defire of relieving 

 it. 



There is another tribe of defires, which are com- 

 monly termed appetites, and are the immediate 

 confequences of the abfence of fome irritative mo- 

 tions. Thofe, which arife from defect of internal 

 irritations, have proper names conferred upon 

 them, as hunger, thirft, luft, and the defire of air, 

 when our refpiratipn is impaired by noxious va- 

 pours ; and of warmth, when we are expofed to 

 too great a degree of cold. But thofe, whofe fti- 

 niuli are external to the body, are named from the 

 objects, which are by nature conftituted to excite 

 them ; thefe defires originate from our paft expe- 

 rience of the pleafurable fenfations they occafion, 



as 



