RETROGRADE ABSORBENTS. SECT. XXIX. 



could be fubje&ed to microfcopic obfervation, they 

 would alfo, in the difeafed ftate of the animal, be 

 feen to repafs the valves, and the mouths of thofe 

 vefTels, which had previoufly abforbed them, or 

 promoted their progrefiion. 



IJI. Communication from the Alimentary Canal to the 

 Bladder, by means of the Abforbent Veffels, 



MANY medical philofophers, both ancient and 

 modern, have fufpecled that there was a nearer 

 communication between the ftomach and the urinary 

 bladder, than that of the circulation : they were 

 led into this opinion from the great expedition with 

 which cold water, when drank to excefs, pafTes off 

 by the bladder ; and from the fimilarity of the 

 urine, when produced in this hafty manner, with 

 the material that was drank. 



The former of thefe circumftances happens per- 

 petually to thofe who drink abundance of cold 

 water, when they are much heated by exercife, ancj, 

 to many at the beginning of intoxication. 



Of the latter, many inftaaces are recorded by 

 Etmuller, t. xi. p. 716. where fimple water, wine, 

 and wine with fugar, and emulfions, were returned 

 by urine unchanged. , 



There are other experiments, that feem to de- 

 monftrate the exigence of another paiTage to the 

 bladder, befides that through the kidneys. Thus 

 Dr. Kratzenftein put ligatures on the ureters of a 

 dog, and then emptied the bladder by a catheter; 

 yet in a little time the dog drank greedily, and 

 made a quantity of water, (Difputat. Morbor. 

 Halleri. t. iv. p. 63.) A fimiiar experiment is re- 

 lated in the Philofophical Tranfaclions, with the 

 fame event, (No. 65, 67, for the year J67O.) 



Add to this, that in fome morbid cafes the urine 

 has continued to pafs, after the fuppiiration or total 



deftru&ion 



