DISEASES CLASS III. i. a, 



ORDO I. 



fncreafed Volition. 



GENUS II. 

 With incrtftfed AB'tons of the Organs of Senfe. 



IN every fpecies of madnefs there is a peculiar idea either of 

 defire or averfion, which is perpetually excited in the min4 with 

 ill its connections. In fome conftitutions this is connected with 

 pleafurable ideas without the exertion of much mufcular action, 

 in others it produces violent mufcular action to gain or avoid the 

 object of it, in others it is attended with defpair and inaction. 

 Mania is the general word for the two former of thefe, and 

 melancholia for the latter ; but the fpecies of them are as nu- 

 merous as the ^efires and averfions of mankind. 



In the prefent age the pleafurable infanities are moft fre- 

 quently induced by fuperftitious hopes of K[eaven, by fentimen- 

 tal love, and by perfonal vanity. The furious infanities by 

 pride, anger, revenge, fufpicion. y And the melancholy ones by 

 fear of poverty, fear of death, arid fear of Hell ; with innumer- 

 able others. 



Quicquid agunt homines, votum, timqr, ira, voluptas, 

 Gaudia, difcurfus, noftri eft farrago libftlli. 



JUVEN. I. 85. 



This idea, however, which induces madnefs or melancholy, 

 is generally untrue ; that is, the objecl: is a miftaken fact. As 

 when a patient is perfuaded he has the itch, or venereal difeafe, 

 of which he has no fymprtom, and becomes mad from the pain 

 this idea occafions. So that the objecl: of madnefs is generally 

 a delirious idea, and thence cannot be conquered by reafon ; be- 

 caufe it continues to be excited by painful fenfation, which is a 

 ilrongcr ftimulus than volition. Moft frequently pain of body 

 is the caufe of convulfion, which is often however exchanged for 

 madnefs j and a painful delirious idea is moft frequently the 

 caufe of madnefs originally, but fometimes of convulfiou. Thus 

 I have feeri a young lady become convulfed from a fright, and 

 die in a few days ; and a temporary madnefs frequently termin- 

 ates the paroxyfms of the epilepfia dolorifica, and an infanity of 

 greater permanence is frequently induced by the pains or bruif- 

 es of parturition. 



Where the patient is debilitated a quick pulfe fometimes at- 

 tends 



