436 DISEASES CLASS IV. 3. i. 5. 



elation, which intervenes between the aaions of the abforbents 

 of the cold fkin, and thofe of the inreitinal abforbents ; the mo- 

 tions of the latter become on that account weakened and at 

 length retrograde. The remote caufe is theSfcorpor of the vef- 

 fels of the fkin catenated with the pain of fear, as explained in 

 Sea. XVI. 8. i. 



The capillaries of the fkin confent more generally by direct 

 fympathy with thofe of the lower inteftines, and of the bladder ; 

 but by reverie fympaihy more generally with thofe of the ftom- 

 ach and upper inteftines. As appears in fevers, where the hot 

 fkin accompanies indigeftion of the fiomach ; and in diarrhoeas 

 attended with cold extremities. 



The remote caufe is the torpor of the fkin owing to its reverfe 

 fympathy with the painful fenfual motions, or ideas, of fear ; 

 which are now actuated with great energy, fo as to deprive the 

 fecond link of aflbciaced motions of their due (hare of fenforial 

 power. It is alfo probable, that the pain of fear itfelf may con- 

 tribute to exhauft the fenforial power, even when it produces nq 

 mufcular action. See Clafs IV. 2. 2. 



5. Pallor et tremor a timore. A retrograde action of the ca- 

 pillaries of the fkin producing palenefs, and a torpor of the muf- 

 cular fibres of the limbs occafioning trembling, are caufed by 

 their reverfe afTc. htions with the ideas or imaginations of fear ; 

 which are now aciuatci: h violent energy, and accompanied 

 with great pain. The caufe of thefe aflbciations are explained 

 in Sea. XVI. 8. i. 



Thefe torpid aaions of the capillaries and mufcles of the 

 limbs are not caufed immediately by the painful fenfation of 

 fear j as in that cafe they would have been increafed and not 

 clecreafed aaions, as occurs in anger ; where the painful voli- 

 tion increafes the aaions of the capillaries, exciting a blufh and 

 heat of the fkin. Whence we may gain fome knowledge of 

 what is meant by deprcfTing and exciting paffions ; the former 

 confifting of ideas attended with pain, which pain occafions no 

 mufcular aaions, like the pain of cold head-ach ; the latter be- 

 ing attended with volitions, and confequent mufcular exertions. 



That is, the pain of fear, and the pain of anger, are produced 

 by the exertion of certain ideas, or motions of certain nerves of 

 fenfe ; in the former cafe the painful fenfation of fear produces 

 no mufcular aaions, yet it exhaufis or employs fo much fenforial 

 power, that the whole fyftem aas more feebly, or becomes 

 retrograde ; but fome parts of it more fo than others, according 

 to their early aflbciahons defcribed in Sea. XVI. 8. i. hence 

 the tremor of the limbs, palpitation of heart, and even fyncope. 

 In anger the painful volition produces violent mufcular aaions *, 



but 



