CLASS IV. 3. i. 6. OF ASSOCIATION. 43 7 



but if previous to thefe any deliberation occurs, a flufhed co. i- 

 tenance fometimes, and a red fkin, are produced by this fupera- 

 bundance of volition exerted on the arterial tyftem ; but at oth- 

 er times the (kin becomes pale, and the legs tremble, from the 

 exhauftion or expenditure of the fenforial power by the painful 

 'volitions of anger on the organs of fenfe, as by the painful fen- 

 fations of fear above mentioned. 



Where the paffion of fear exifts in a great degree, it exhaufts 

 or expends fo much fenforial power, either fimply by the pain 

 which attends it, or by the violent and perpetual excitement of 

 the terrific imaginations, or ideas, that not only a cold and pale 

 fkin, but a retrograde motion of the cutaneous abforbents oc- 

 curs, and'a cold fweat appears upon the whole furface of the 

 body, which probably fometimes increafes pulmonary abforp- 

 tion; as in Clafs II. i. 6. 4. and as in the cold fweats, which 

 attend the paroxyfms of humoral afthma. Hence anxiety, 

 which is a continued pain of fear, fo univerfally debilitates the 

 conftitution as to occafion a lingering death ; which happens 

 much more frequently than is ufually fuppofed ; and thefe vie-* 

 tims of continued anxiety are faid to die of a broken heart. 

 Other kinds of palenefs are defcribed in Clafs I. 2. 2. 2. 



M. M. Opium. Wine. Food. Joy. 



6. Palpjtatio cordis a timore. The palpitation of the heart 

 from fear is owing to the weak adlion of it, and perhaps fome- 

 times to the retrograde exertion of the ventricles and auricles \ 

 becaufe it ieems to be affected by its afibciation with the capil- 

 laries, the actions of which, with thofe of the arteries and veins, 

 conftitute one great circle of ailbciate motions. Now when 

 the capillaries of the (kin become torpid, coldnefs, and palenefs 

 fucceed; and with thefe are aflbciated the capillaries of the 

 lungs, whence difficult refpiration ; and with thefe the weak 

 and retrograde actions of the heart. At the fame time the ab- 

 forbents of the fkin, and of the bladder, and of the inteltines, 

 fometimes become retrograde, and regurgitate their contents ; 

 as appears by the pale urine in large quantities, which attends 

 hyfteric complaints along with this palpitation of the heart j 

 and from the cold fweats, and diarrhoea , all which, as well as 

 the hyfteric complaints, are liable to be induced or attended by 

 fear. f 



When fear has ftill more violently affected the fyftem, there 

 have been inftances where fyncope, and fudden death, or a total 

 itoppage of the circulation have fucceeded : in thefe laft cafes, 

 the pain of fear has employed or exhaufted the whole of the 

 fenforial power, fo that not only thole mufcular fibres generally 

 exerted by volition ceafe to act, whence the patient falls down ; 



and 



