59 



ing. This does not seem to have come into use, and later the 

 "Disbrow," the "Wizard," the "Victor," the "Barber's," the 

 "Queen," and the "Perfection," all having fixed rollers, appeared. 

 When there is trouble it is generally because a beginner neglects 

 to follow the directions for use strictly. 



The standard churn and the most popular in the West is un- 

 doubtedly as yet the "Disbrow," which is illustrated in Fig. 50. 

 The rollers are in the center, while, for instance, in the "Victor," 

 (there are two sets), they are near the periphery of the churn, 

 and in the "Perfection" there is only one roller. 



Another construction altogether is the Sharpless "Squeezer." 

 It consists of a revolving drum provided with 6 shelves which 

 are pivoted so that when used as a churn, they aie converging to 

 the center of the drum, thus serving as fixed dashers. When 

 working the butter a set of cranks shift their position, squeezing 

 the butter against the drum as it slowly revolves. 



(Fig. 50) (Fig. 51) 



The "Queen" drum has a corrugated wooden roller on a 

 heavy steel shaft which hangs on a hinged arm in the churn drum 

 provided with narrow shelves. 



When churning the roller hangs straight down, while, when 

 working, it is carried up the side of the drum in such a way that 

 the further it is carried, the greater is the distance between the 

 roller and the side of the drum, as illustrated by the manufacturer 

 in a cross-section, Fig. 51. The weight of the roller is sufficient 

 to squeeze the butter. These last two churns do not seem to 

 have gained much foothold. In Fig. 52 I show the manufacturers' 

 cross-section of the "Perfection" drum, it is certainly the simplest 

 of all in construction, but as I have never even seen it work, I 

 cannot give any opinion of it. 



Another candidate for public favor, 

 which is becoming popular, is the "Sim- 

 plex" combined churn which I illustrate 

 closed for churning in Fig. 53, and the re- 

 movable working gear in Fig. 54. This is 

 an adaptation of old National butterworker 

 and it has the great advantage that the 

 working gear may be removed, cleaned and 

 (Fig. 52) dried, and that the whole churn is more 



