Ramaley : SEEDLINGS OF CERTAIN WOODY PLANTS. 85 



Parthenocissus guinquefolia. In Ailanthus glandulosa^ however, 

 the first few leaves are merely trifoliate while later ones are pin- 

 nate. Parkinsonia and Glcditsia produce pinnate foliage leaves 

 at once, although the earlier leaves have fewer leaflets than those 

 that come afterward. 



If the later-formed leaves are not compound but merely 

 lobed or cleft there may be traced a more or less gradual transi- 

 tion to that shape from the entire or more nearly entire first 

 leaves, e. g., Brottssonetia papyri/era, Liriodendron tulipifera. 



In nearly all cases where the first two leaves are opposite and 

 the later ones alternate, it is to be noted that the third and fourth 

 are nearly opposite, the fifth and sixth are closer together on 

 the stem than the fourth and fifth or than the sixth and seventh ; 

 e, g., Rhamnus purshiana, Eucalyptus spp., Ulmus spp. In 

 other words, the transition from the opposite to the alternate ar- 

 rangement is usually gradual. 



The cotyledons of many species increase considerably in size 

 after they escape from the seed coat ; this is particularly notice- 

 able in Schimu molle, Cercis canadensis, and some others. In 

 other species there is very little increase in the size of the coty- 

 ledons after they first appear, e. g., Rhamnus purshiana, Ailan- 

 thus glandulosa. 



Cotyledons of rather remarkable shape were noted in the fol- 

 lowing species : Celtis occidentalism Catalpa spcciosa, Euca- 

 lyptus globulus, Tecoma radicans, Acer negundo, Berchemia 

 racemosa, Butncria florida and fertilis. The first four named 

 have the cotyledons bifid or variously notched or retuse. 



Catalpa and Tecoma, both Bignoniaceous plants, have very 

 similar cotyledons. The peculiar asymmetrical cotyledons of 

 Butneria florida are reproduced exactly in B. fertilis. Euca- 

 lyptus globulus, on the other hand, does not agree at all, in the 

 shape of its cotyledons, with E. citriodora and E. corymbosa. 

 These have rotund-orbicular cotyledons. The long, narrow 

 cotyledons of Acer negundo are quite different from those of 

 A. saccharinum. Berchemia racemosa has ligulate cotyledons, 

 while in Rhamnus -purshiana, the only other plant of the same 

 family investigated, the cotyledons are obovate. The large 

 notched cotyledons of Celtis occidentalis do not resemble those 

 of the other Ulmaceae examined. This, is, however, to be ex- 

 pecied from the great difference in the character of the fruit 

 in Celtis and Ulmus. 



